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胰岛素抵抗的能量模型:将种子油与代谢性疾病和癌症联系起来的统一理论。

The energy model of insulin resistance: A unifying theory linking seed oils to metabolic disease and cancer.

作者信息

Shanahan Catherine

机构信息

Rebel Well, LLC, Orlando, FL, United States.

出版信息

Front Nutr. 2025 Apr 29;12:1532961. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1532961. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

The problem of insulin resistance has exploded in recent decades, from practically nonexistent in 1950, to nearly ubiquitous today. Despite this, the dietary origins of insulin resistance remain elusive. Many have identified the Western Diet, focusing on saturated fat. However, population-scale consumption data shows that our consumption of saturated fat has remained unchanged, while our consumption of polyunsaturated fats has increased by more than 300%. This paper discusses the primary source of those polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), a collection of eight chemically similar refined, bleached, and deodorized (RBD) seed oils, i.e., soy and canola, that now, together, represent the number one source of calories in the United States today, or approximately 30 percent of the average person's daily intake. The Energy Model of Insulin Resistance hypothesizes that RBD seed oil consumption can promote cellular oxidative stress, forcing cells to change their fueling strategy to reduce oxidative stress. This is accomplished by increasing aerobic glycolysis to minimize fat oxidation. Observed in both cancerous and insulin resistance cells, aerobic glycolysis is also known as the Warburg Effect. While beneficial to individual cells, at the whole-organism level, it disrupts intravascular glucose homeostasis, ultimately elevating insulin and counter-regulatory hormones (CRH) simultaneously. CRH oppose the insulin signal, leading to the phenotype of insulin resistance. In summary, the Energy Model of Insulin Resistance provides a framework for understanding that the primary metabolic deficit in people with insulin resistance may not be abnormal insulin signaling, but rather an abnormally increased metabolic demand for sugar. If correct, this would elucidate the mitochondrial origins of the Warburg Effect and suggest that avoiding RBD oils represents an important and understudied dietary strategy for addressing insulin resistance and cancer.

摘要

近几十年来,胰岛素抵抗问题急剧增加,从1950年几乎不存在,到如今几乎无处不在。尽管如此,胰岛素抵抗的饮食根源仍然难以捉摸。许多人认为是西方饮食导致的,重点关注饱和脂肪。然而,大规模人群消费数据显示,我们的饱和脂肪摄入量保持不变,而多不饱和脂肪的摄入量增加了300%以上。本文讨论了这些多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的主要来源,即八种化学性质相似的精炼、漂白和脱臭(RBD)种子油,即大豆油和菜籽油,它们现在共同构成了美国当今热量的第一大来源,约占普通人每日摄入量的30%。胰岛素抵抗的能量模型假设,食用RBD种子油会促进细胞氧化应激,迫使细胞改变其供能策略以减少氧化应激。这是通过增加有氧糖酵解以尽量减少脂肪氧化来实现的。在癌细胞和胰岛素抵抗细胞中都观察到了有氧糖酵解,它也被称为瓦博格效应。虽然对单个细胞有益,但在整个生物体水平上,它会破坏血管内葡萄糖稳态,最终同时升高胰岛素和反调节激素(CRH)。CRH会对抗胰岛素信号,导致胰岛素抵抗的表型。总之,胰岛素抵抗的能量模型提供了一个框架,以理解胰岛素抵抗人群的主要代谢缺陷可能不是异常的胰岛素信号传导,而是对糖的代谢需求异常增加。如果这是正确的,这将阐明瓦博格效应的线粒体起源,并表明避免食用RBD油是解决胰岛素抵抗和癌症的一项重要但研究不足的饮食策略。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d3b6/12105547/17d68c0a0108/fnut-12-1532961-g001.jpg

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