Carciofo Richard, Cheung Rebecca Y M
School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK.
Department of Educational Studies, Academy of Future Education, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2025 May 13;15(5):79. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe15050079.
While morningness (a preference for rising earlier in the day) is associated with positive affect and life satisfaction, eveningness is correlated with negative emotionality, poor sleep, less self-control, and more procrastination. The current study investigated inter-relationships between morningness-eveningness; bedtime, academic, and exercise procrastination; mind wandering; sleep quality; self-control; and depressive symptoms. An online survey including questionnaire measures of these variables was completed by 306 university students (aged 18-51 years; mean = 20.36, SD = 4.001; 34 male). Morningness correlated with more self-control and better sleep quality-eveningness correlated with more bedtime, academic, and exercise procrastination; depressive symptoms; and mind wandering. All forms of procrastination negatively correlated with self-control and sleep quality, and positively correlated with depressive symptoms and mind wandering, although more strongly with spontaneous than deliberate mind wandering. Mediation effects were found-bedtime procrastination (BP) between eveningness and spontaneous mind wandering (MW); spontaneous MW between BP and sleep quality; sleep quality between BP and depressive symptoms; self-control between depressive symptoms and academic procrastination. A path model of these inter-relationships was developed. This study adds to a growing body of research indicating that interventions to reduce bedtime procrastination may bring about improvements in wellbeing and academic achievement.
虽然晨型偏好（即倾向于在一天中更早起床）与积极情绪和生活满意度相关，但夜型偏好与负面情绪、睡眠不佳、自控力较差以及更多拖延行为相关。本研究调查了晨型-夜型偏好、就寝时间拖延、学业拖延和运动拖延、走神、睡眠质量、自控力以及抑郁症状之间的相互关系。306名大学生（年龄在18至51岁之间；平均年龄 = 20.36，标准差 = 4.001；34名男性）完成了一项在线调查，其中包括对这些变量的问卷调查。晨型偏好与更强的自控力和更好的睡眠质量相关——夜型偏好则与更多的就寝时间拖延、学业拖延和运动拖延、抑郁症状以及走神相关。所有形式的拖延行为都与自控力和睡眠质量呈负相关，与抑郁症状和走神呈正相关，不过与自发走神的相关性比与刻意走神的相关性更强。研究发现了中介效应——夜型偏好与自发走神之间存在就寝时间拖延（BP）的中介作用；就寝时间拖延与睡眠质量之间存在自发走神的中介作用；就寝时间拖延与抑郁症状之间存在睡眠质量的中介作用；抑郁症状与学业拖延之间存在自控力的中介作用。构建了这些相互关系的路径模型。这项研究为越来越多的研究增添了内容，表明减少就寝时间拖延的干预措施可能会改善幸福感和学业成绩。
