Saiphoklang Narongkorn, Ruchiwit Pitchayapa, Kanitsap Apichart, Tantiyavarong Pichaya, Vatcharavongvan Pasitpon, Palungrit Srimuang, Leelasittikul Kanyada, Pugongchai Apiwat, Poachanukoon Orapan
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
Medical Diagnostics Unit, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
Diseases. 2025 Apr 23;13(5):130. doi: 10.3390/diseases13050130.
: Airway diseases, particularly asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pose significant respiratory problems. The prevalence and risk factors of these diseases among community dwellers vary geographically and because of underdiagnosis. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with these diseases in a provincial-metropolitan area in Thailand. : A cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2023 and November 2023 on individuals aged 18 years or older residing in Pathumthani, Thailand. Data on demographics, pre-existing diseases, respiratory symptoms, and pulmonary functions assessed by spirometry, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV), and bronchodilator responsiveness (BDR), were collected. COPD was defined as having respiratory symptoms, a risk factor, and post-bronchodilator FEV/FVC < 70%. Asthma was defined as having respiratory symptoms and a positive bronchodilator responsiveness. : A total of 1014 subjects (71.7% female) were included, with a mean age of 56.6 years. The smoking history was 10.4% (13.4 pack-years). Common symptoms included cough (18.4%), sputum production (14.5%), and dyspnea (10.0%). COPD was found in 8.3%, while asthma was found in 10.3%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that these diseases were significantly associated with older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.023; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.007-1.039 for every 1-year increase in age), smoking (OR 2.247; 95% CI 1.068-4.728), heart disease (OR 2.709; 95% CI 1.250-5.873), wheezing (OR 3.128; 95% CI 1.109-8.824), runny nose (OR 1.911; 95% CI 1.050-3.477), and previous treatment for dyspnea (OR 6.749, 95% CI 3.670-12.409). : COPD and asthma were relatively prevalent in our study. Being elderly, smoking, having heart disease, and experiencing any respiratory symptoms with a history of treatment are crucial indicators for these airway diseases. Pulmonary function testing might be needed for active surveillance to detect these respiratory diseases in the community.
气道疾病,尤其是哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD),会引发严重的呼吸问题。这些疾病在社区居民中的患病率和风险因素因地域和诊断不足而有所不同。本研究旨在确定泰国一个省级大都市地区这些疾病的患病率及其相关因素。
2023年4月至2023年11月期间,对居住在泰国巴吞他尼府、年龄在18岁及以上的个体进行了一项横断面研究。收集了有关人口统计学、既往疾病、呼吸道症状以及通过肺活量测定评估的肺功能数据,包括用力肺活量(FVC)、一秒用力呼气容积(FEV)和支气管扩张剂反应性(BDR)。COPD的定义为有呼吸道症状、一个风险因素且支气管扩张剂使用后FEV/FVC < 70%。哮喘的定义为有呼吸道症状且支气管扩张剂反应性为阳性。
总共纳入了1014名受试者(女性占71.7%),平均年龄为56.6岁。吸烟史为10.4%(13.4包年)。常见症状包括咳嗽(18.4%)、咳痰(14.5%)和呼吸困难(10.0%)。COPD的患病率为8.3%,哮喘的患病率为10.3%。逻辑回归分析表明,这些疾病与年龄较大(年龄每增加1岁,优势比[OR] 1.023;95%置信区间[CI] 1.007 - 1.039)、吸烟(OR 2.247;95% CI 1.068 - 4.728)、心脏病(OR 2.709;95% CI 1.250 - 5.873)、喘息(OR 3.128;95% CI 1.109 - 8.824)、流涕(OR 1.911;95% CI 1.050 - 3.477)以及既往因呼吸困难接受治疗(OR 6.749,95% CI 3.670 - 12.409)显著相关。
在我们的研究中,COPD和哮喘相对普遍。年龄较大、吸烟、患有心脏病以及有任何呼吸道症状且有治疗史是这些气道疾病的关键指标。可能需要进行肺功能测试以进行主动监测,以便在社区中发现这些呼吸系统疾病。