Schärer Christoph, Yusof Eddy, Capelli Claudio
Department of Elite Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), 2532 Magglingen, Switzerland.
Movement and Sport Science, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
Sports (Basel). 2025 May 14;13(5):146. doi: 10.3390/sports13050146.
In men's gymnastics, to build strength for static strength elements on rings (e.g., the Inverted Cross on Rings: ICR), general and ring-specific conditioning exercises are used. We aimed to examine the differences between elite and junior athletes in ring-specific strength in the ICR and the one-repetition maximum (1RM) in two conditioning exercises (Inverted Cross with Dumbbells: ICD; Seated Overhead Barbell Press: SOBP), to analyze the relationship between strength in the ICR and ICD and SOBP, and to establish preparatory strength benchmarks for ICR. Nine elite (20.97 ± 1.91 years, 66.01 ± 5.03 kg) and ten junior athletes (16.72 ± 0.55 years, 61.10 ± 7.9 kg) performed a maximum strength test for the ICR (five-second hold with pulley) and a 1RM test for the SOBP and ICD. Elite athletes were significantly stronger in the ICR and SOBP (22.36% and 33.2%; < 0.001) but not in ICD ( = 0.13). Strong correlations (r > 0.65, < 0.01) suggest that these exercises support strength development for the ICR. Although, the transfer into ring-specific strength must be trained separately, the benchmarks (SOBP: 150% body weight; ICD: 66%) offer coaches guidelines for optimizing training, prevent injury and promote physical resilience of elite athletes.
在男子体操中，为了增强在吊环上完成静力性力量动作（如吊环十字支撑：ICR）的力量，会采用一般性和针对吊环的体能训练练习。我们旨在研究精英运动员和青少年运动员在ICR中针对吊环的力量以及两项体能训练练习（哑铃吊环十字支撑：ICD；坐姿杠铃 overhead 推举：SOBP）的一次重复最大值（1RM）之间的差异，分析ICR与ICD和SOBP的力量之间的关系，并为ICR建立预备力量基准。九名精英运动员（20.97±1.91岁，66.01±5.03千克）和十名青少年运动员（16.72±0.55岁，61.10±7.9千克）进行了ICR的最大力量测试（使用滑轮保持五秒）以及SOBP和ICD的1RM测试。精英运动员在ICR和SOBP方面明显更强（分别强22.36%和33.2%；P<0.001），但在ICD方面没有差异（P = 0.13）。强相关性（r>0.65，P<0.01）表明这些练习有助于ICR力量的发展。尽管向针对吊环的力量的转化必须单独训练，但这些基准（SOBP：150%体重；ICD：66%）为教练提供了优化训练的指导方针，可预防精英运动员受伤并提高其身体恢复能力。
