Mehdizadeh Allaf Malihe, Trick Charles G
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
Toxins (Basel). 2025 May 21;17(5):259. doi: 10.3390/toxins17050259.
Climate change and anthropogenic alterations in biogeochemical cycles are intensifying the frequency, duration, and potential toxicity of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in marine ecosystems. However, these effects are highly variable and depend on species identity, strain-specific traits, and local environmental conditions. Key drivers include rising sea surface temperatures, changes in salinity resulting from altered precipitation patterns and runoff, and elevated CO levels leading to ocean acidification. , a euryhaline raphidophyte responsible for the widespread killing of fish, is particularly responsive to these changes. This study investigated the combined effects of temperature, salinity, and CO concentration on the growth, yield, and cell membrane permeability of using a Design of Experiment (DOE) approach. DOE facilitates a detailed and systematic analysis of multifactorial interactions, enabling a deeper understanding of complex relationships while maximizing efficiency and minimizing the use of experimental resources. The results revealed that growth and yield were maximized at higher temperatures and salinities, whereas cell permeability increased under cooler, less saline, and lower CO conditions. These findings suggest that projected future ocean conditions may enhance biomass production while potentially reducing cellular permeability and, by extension, toxicity. This study highlights the value of the DOE framework in identifying key interactions among environmental drivers of HABs, offering a practical foundation for future predictive modeling under climate change scenarios.
气候变化和生物地球化学循环中的人为改变正在加剧海洋生态系统中有害藻华（HABs）的发生频率、持续时间和潜在毒性。然而，这些影响具有高度变异性，取决于物种特性、菌株特异性特征和当地环境条件。关键驱动因素包括海表温度上升、降水模式和径流改变导致的盐度变化，以及导致海洋酸化的二氧化碳水平升高。，一种导致鱼类大量死亡的广盐性针胞藻，对这些变化尤为敏感。本研究采用实验设计（DOE）方法，研究了温度、盐度和二氧化碳浓度对其生长、产量和细胞膜通透性的综合影响。DOE有助于对多因素相互作用进行详细而系统的分析，能够更深入地理解复杂关系，同时最大限度地提高效率并减少实验资源的使用。结果表明，在较高温度和盐度下生长和产量最大化，而在较冷、盐度较低和二氧化碳浓度较低的条件下细胞通透性增加。这些发现表明，预计未来的海洋条件可能会提高生物量产量，同时可能降低细胞通透性，进而降低毒性。本研究强调了DOE框架在识别有害藻华环境驱动因素之间关键相互作用方面的价值，为未来气候变化情景下的预测建模提供了实际基础。
