Jacob Jeni, Menona Jacob Ankeeta, Shetty Avinash K
Department of Community Medicine, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, India.
Department of Pediatrics and Office of Global Health, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2025 May 27;113(2):404-411. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0600. Print 2025 Aug 6.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health concern. People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at an increased risk of developing active TB, with a 20-fold higher risk compared with those without HIV infection. Gaps in TB knowledge among PLHIV patients have been linked to delays in the diagnosis of TB and poor adherence to TB medications, resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. In the current study, the correct knowledge of TB and its determinants among PLHIV patients attending a district antiretroviral therapy (ART) center in Karnataka, India, was assessed. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a district ART facility in Karnataka between October 2022 and April 2023. A pretested questionnaire was used to gather data, and SPSS version 29.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) was used for analysis. The proportion of PLHIV with correct TB knowledge and sources was expressed in percentages. Associations between correct TB knowledge and sociodemographic variables were assessed using χ2 and Fisher's tests. Among 432 participants, 222 (51.4%) were male, and 191 (44.1%) had education beyond high school. Correct TB knowledge was found in 253 (58.5%) participants and was significantly associated with educational status, monthly family income, source of TB information, TB preventive treatment intake, and public attitude stigma in multivariate analysis. Healthcare workers were the primary source of correct TB knowledge for 388 (97.4%) participants. This study highlights the need to strengthen TB education and awareness among PLHIV to improve their health-seeking behavior and facilitate early TB detection.
结核病是全球主要的公共卫生问题。感染艾滋病毒的人（PLHIV）患活动性结核病的风险增加，与未感染艾滋病毒的人相比，风险高出20倍。PLHIV患者对结核病知识的欠缺与结核病诊断延迟和对结核病药物治疗依从性差有关，导致大量发病和死亡。在本研究中，对印度卡纳塔克邦一家地区抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）中心的PLHIV患者对结核病及其决定因素的正确知识进行了评估。2022年10月至2023年4月期间，在卡纳塔克邦的一家地区ART机构进行了一项横断面研究。使用预先测试的问卷收集数据，并使用SPSS 29.0版（IBM公司，纽约州阿蒙克）进行分析。具有正确结核病知识和来源的PLHIV患者比例以百分比表示。使用χ2检验和费舍尔检验评估正确结核病知识与社会人口统计学变量之间的关联。在432名参与者中，222名（51.4%）为男性，191名（44.1%）接受过高中以上教育。253名（58.5%）参与者具有正确的结核病知识，在多变量分析中，这与教育程度、家庭月收入、结核病信息来源、结核病预防性治疗的接受情况以及公众态度耻辱感显著相关。医护人员是388名（97.4%）参与者正确结核病知识的主要来源。本研究强调需要加强对PLHIV的结核病教育和认识，以改善他们的就医行为并促进结核病的早期发现。
