Vinković Maja, Kopić Andrijana, Benašić Tvrtka, Biuk Dubravka, Maduna Ivanka, Vujosevic Stela
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Biomedicines. 2025 May 20;13(5):1251. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13051251.
To analyze the retinal and choriocapillaris changes in diabetic patients with no or with early signs of diabetic retinopathy using high-definition (HD) angio optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) software and spectral-domain (SD) OCT. A total of 112 eyes (54 eyes from 27 diabetic patients and 58 eyes from 29 control subjects) were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study of healthy and diabetic adults. Retinal microvascular changes were assessed by using HD-OCTA software to calculate vascular density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ). SD-OCT was used to assess retinal thickness and volume in parafovea as well as ganglion cell complex (GCC) parameters. The VD-whole image was significantly higher in the healthy control group (MW z = 1109.5, = 0.012; = 2.611, = 0.010). Also, VD-parafovea was significantly higher in the healthy subjects (MW z = 1053.5, = 0.004; = 3.207, = 0.002). GCC focal loss volume (FLV) was significantly decreased in diabetic patients ( = 0.051). Non-flow FAZ did not show a statistically significant difference between groups, although the FAZ was larger in the diabetic patients. Diabetic patients with no or early signs of diabetic retinopathy have decreased VD compared to healthy individuals. They also present retinal changes at the GCC that are correlated with initial neurodegeneration. HD-OCTA and SD-OCT can detect vascular changes and structural signs of retinal neurodegeneration before clinically apparent diabetic retinopathy. Potentially, these methods may offer new biomarkers for monitoring disease progression and visual prognosis.
使用高清（HD）血管光学相干断层扫描血管造影（OCTA）软件和光谱域（SD）OCT分析无糖尿病视网膜病变或有早期糖尿病视网膜病变迹象的糖尿病患者的视网膜和脉络膜毛细血管变化。本回顾性横断面研究纳入了112只眼睛（来自27名糖尿病患者的54只眼睛和来自29名对照受试者的58只眼睛），研究对象为健康和糖尿病成年人。通过使用HD-OCTA软件计算血管密度（VD）和中心凹无血管区（FAZ）来评估视网膜微血管变化。使用SD-OCT评估中心凹旁视网膜厚度和体积以及神经节细胞复合体（GCC）参数。健康对照组的全图像VD显著更高（Mann-Whitney z = 1109.5，P = 0.012；效应量 = 2.611，P = 0.010）。此外，健康受试者的中心凹旁VD也显著更高（Mann-Whitney z = 1053.5，P = 0.004；效应量 = 3.207，P = 0.002）。糖尿病患者的GCC局灶性损失体积（FLV）显著降低（P = 0.051）。尽管糖尿病患者的FAZ较大，但非血流FAZ在两组之间未显示出统计学显著差异。与健康个体相比，无糖尿病视网膜病变或有早期糖尿病视网膜病变迹象的糖尿病患者的VD降低。他们在GCC处也出现了与初始神经变性相关的视网膜变化。HD-OCTA和SD-OCT可以在临床明显的糖尿病视网膜病变之前检测到血管变化和视网膜神经变性的结构迹象。这些方法有可能为监测疾病进展和视觉预后提供新的生物标志物。
