Yang Qing, Cui Lu, Yang Yang, Yang Ying, Dai Zhaolai, Wu Zhenlong
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Tangshan Animal Husbandry Technology and Promotion Station, Tangshan 063000, China.
Animals (Basel). 2025 May 9;15(10):1367. doi: 10.3390/ani15101367.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) commonly occurs in pigs and poses a significant challenge to the swine industry. This study investigated the effect of fermented milk on growth performance and intestinal health in IUGR-affected piglets. A total of 24 28-day-old weaned piglets with IUGR were randomly assigned to a corn-soybean basal diet (control) or a basal diet mixed with fermented milk (3:1 w/v, treatment). The results showed that fermented milk increased the average daily gain and decreased the feed-to-gain ratio ( < 0.05). Fermented milk increased the villus height in the duodenum and decreased the jejunal crypt depth ( < 0.05). Pigs in the treatment showed higher activities of lipase, α-amylase, and sucrase in the duodenum, along with an elevation in jejunal sucrase activity ( < 0.05). The ileal glutathione concentration was increased by the treatment ( < 0.05). Moreover, fermented milk upregulated the protein expression of occludin and claudin-3 while decreasing the gene expression of interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor αlpha in the jejunum ( < 0.05). Collectively, these results indicate that dietary supplementation with fermented milk significantly improved growth performance through the enhancement of intestinal functions in IUGR piglets, highlighting the potential of fermented milk as a nutritional strategy to improve postnatal growth in IUGR piglets.
宫内生长受限（IUGR）在猪中普遍存在，给养猪业带来了重大挑战。本研究调查了发酵乳对受IUGR影响的仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响。将总共24头28日龄的IUGR断奶仔猪随机分为玉米-大豆基础日粮组（对照组）或添加发酵乳的基础日粮组（3:1 w/v，处理组）。结果表明，发酵乳提高了平均日增重并降低了料重比（P<0.05）。发酵乳增加了十二指肠绒毛高度并降低了空肠隐窝深度（P<0.05）。处理组仔猪十二指肠中的脂肪酶、α-淀粉酶和蔗糖酶活性较高，空肠蔗糖酶活性也有所升高（P<0.05）。处理组提高了回肠谷胱甘肽浓度（P<0.05）。此外，发酵乳上调了空肠中闭合蛋白和紧密连接蛋白-3的蛋白表达，同时降低了白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子α的基因表达（P<0.05）。总体而言，这些结果表明，在日粮中添加发酵乳可通过增强IUGR仔猪的肠道功能显著改善生长性能，凸显了发酵乳作为一种营养策略改善IUGR仔猪出生后生长的潜力。
