Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Animal. 2023 Sep;17(9):100959. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100959. Epub 2023 Aug 19.
Supplemental probiotic fermented milk as a gut modulator can improve growth performance for weaned piglets by promoting the development of the small intestine in digestion and immune function. The effect on colon health might also play a considerable part in the favourable role of probiotic fermented milk in the growth performance improvement of weaned piglets; however, it has yet to be reported. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation with lactic acid bacteria-fermented formula milk (LFM) on colonic morphology, microbiota composition, and mucosal transcriptome profile in weaned piglets. A total of 24 male weaned piglets were randomly divided into two groups: a control (CON) treatment or the LFM-supplemented treatment. Each group consisted of six replicates (cages) with two piglets per cage, and each piglet in the LFM group was supplemented with 80 mL LFM three times a day for 21 d, while the CON group was treated with the same amount of drinking water. Results showed that supplementation of LFM reduced the colonic histological damage scores and significantly increased the number of goblet cells per crypt. Furthermore, LFM consumption decreased the levels of pro-inflammation cytokines in the colonic mucosa. LFM downregulated the expression of inflammatory genes (CXCL9 and CXCL10) involving Toll-like receptor signalling pathway, immune response, and response to bacterium, and up-regulated two active genes (S100A8 and S100A9) involving the IL-17 signalling pathway and Toll-like receptor 4 binding. In addition, LFM could increase the potential probiotic genera containing Lachnospira and Anaerorhabdus furcosa group, which were positively related to short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Correspondingly, LFM-fed piglets had higher total bacterial load and total SCFA concentration in the colonic digesta compared with the CON group. These novel findings support the benefits of LFM in enhancing intestinal homoeostasis and ameliorating weaning stress for weaned piglets, which is associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition and immune-related genes.
添加益生菌发酵乳作为肠道调节剂可以通过促进小肠消化和免疫功能的发育来提高断奶仔猪的生长性能。益生菌发酵乳在改善断奶仔猪生长性能中的有利作用可能也与其对结肠健康的影响有关，但这方面的研究尚未见报道。本研究旨在探讨添加乳酸菌发酵配方乳（LFM）对断奶仔猪结肠形态、微生物群落组成和黏膜转录组谱的影响。将 24 头雄性断奶仔猪随机分为两组：对照组（CON）或 LFM 补充组。每组由 6 个重复（笼）组成，每个笼中有 2 头仔猪，LFM 组的每头仔猪每天补充 80mL LFM 三次，共 21 天，而 CON 组则用相同量的饮用水处理。结果表明，LFM 补充降低了结肠组织学损伤评分，并显著增加了每个隐窝的杯状细胞数量。此外，LFM 消耗降低了结肠黏膜中促炎细胞因子的水平。LFM 下调了涉及 Toll 样受体信号通路、免疫反应和对细菌的反应的炎症基因（CXCL9 和 CXCL10）的表达，而上调了两个活性基因（S100A8 和 S100A9），涉及白细胞介素-17 信号通路和 Toll 样受体 4 结合。此外，LFM 可以增加包含lachnospira 和 anaerorhabdus furcosa 组的潜在益生菌属，这与短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的产生呈正相关。相应地，与 CON 组相比，LFM 喂养的仔猪结肠内容物中的总细菌负荷和总 SCFA 浓度更高。这些新发现支持 LFM 增强肠道稳态和改善断奶仔猪断奶应激的益处，这与调节肠道微生物群落组成和免疫相关基因有关。
