Liu Run, Liu Siyu, Bai Xiaoxuan, Liu Shiping, Liu Yuandong
Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, School of Biology and Pharmacy, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
Key Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Biology (Basel). 2025 May 15;14(5):550. doi: 10.3390/biology14050550.
As arsenopyrite is a typical arsenic-bearing sulfide ore, the biooxidation process of arsenopyrite is of great significance for the extraction of gold from arsenic-bearing gold ores and the generation of arsenic-bearing acid mine drainage. During the biooxidation of arsenopyrite, a large amount of arsenic is produced, which inhibits the growth and metabolism of microorganisms and thus affects the extraction of gold from arsenic-bearing gold ores. Therefore, the screening and enrichment of microorganisms with high arsenic resistance have become important aspects in the study of arsenopyrite biooxidation. As described in this paper, through arsenic acclimation, the maximum arsenic tolerance concentration of QBS 3 isolated from arsenic-containing acid mine drainage was increased to 80 mM As(Ⅲ) and 100 mM As(V). Microorganisms with high arsenic resistance showed better bioleaching performance for arsenopyrite. After 18 days of bioleaching, the leaching rate of arsenopyrite reached 100% at a pulp concentration of 0.5%, and after 30 days of bioleaching, the leaching rate of arsenopyrite was 79.96% at a pulp concentration of 1%. Currently, research on arsenopyrite mainly focuses on the control and optimization of environmental conditions, but there have been few studies on the biooxidation process of arsenopyrite at the protein and gene levels. Therefore, combining the results of a one-month bioleaching experiment on arsenopyrite by QBS 3 and the analysis of arsenic resistance genes, a bioleaching model of arsenopyrite was constructed, which laid an experimental basis and theoretical foundation for improving the gold recovery rate from refractory arsenic-bearing ores and exploring the arsenic resistance mechanism of microorganisms during the arsenopyrite leaching process.
由于毒砂是一种典型的含砷硫化矿，毒砂的生物氧化过程对于从含砷金矿石中提取金以及含砷酸性矿山废水的产生具有重要意义。在毒砂生物氧化过程中，会产生大量砷，这会抑制微生物的生长和代谢，从而影响从含砷金矿石中提取金。因此，筛选和富集高抗砷微生物已成为毒砂生物氧化研究的重要方面。如本文所述，通过砷驯化，从含砷酸性矿山废水中分离出的QBS 3的最大耐砷浓度提高到了80 mM As(Ⅲ)和100 mM As(V)。高抗砷微生物对毒砂表现出更好的生物浸出性能。生物浸出18天后，矿浆浓度为0.5%时毒砂的浸出率达到100%，生物浸出30天后，矿浆浓度为1%时毒砂的浸出率为79.96%。目前，对毒砂的研究主要集中在环境条件的控制和优化上，但在蛋白质和基因水平上对毒砂生物氧化过程的研究较少。因此，结合QBS 3对毒砂进行的为期一个月的生物浸出实验结果和抗砷基因分析，构建了毒砂生物浸出模型，为提高难处理含砷矿石的金回收率以及探索毒砂浸出过程中微生物的抗砷机制奠定了实验基础和理论基础。
