Oprinca-Muja Lilioara-Alexandra, Cristian Adrian-Nicolae, Topîrcean Elena, Cristian Alina, Popa Marius Florentin, Domnariu Horațiu Paul, Atasie Diter, Oprinca George-Călin, Morar Silviu
Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania.
Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanța, 900527 Constanța, Romania.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 May 16;13(10):1169. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13101169.
Burnout syndrome is increasingly recognized as a significant occupational hazard among forensic medicine professionals, a population exposed to intense psychological stress and complex work demands. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout, job satisfaction, and unconditional self-acceptance among forensic personnel in Romania and to explore potential predictors and mediators of burnout within this context.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 153 forensic medicine professionals from 31 counties across Romania. Participants completed a battery of standardized instruments, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS), and the Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ). Cut-off scores for burnout subscales were established using the 75th percentile. Data were analyzed to identify demographic, occupational, and psychological correlates of burnout. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize sample characteristics and burnout prevalence. Group comparisons were made across demographic and professional categories. A mediation model was tested to evaluate whether unconditional self-acceptance mediated the relationship between job satisfaction and burnout. We hypothesized that job satisfaction would be negatively associated with burnout symptoms and that unconditional self-acceptance would mediate this relationship, acting as a protective psychological factor.
Approximately a quarter of respondents met the criteria for high total burnout, emotional exhaustion, and professional inefficacy, while cynicism was present in a fifth of participants. Burnout was more prevalent among younger workers, forensic medicine residents, and those working in the capital. Job satisfaction was generally high, but lower in women, younger individuals, and residents. Nearly half of the participants reported low or very low self-acceptance. Mediation analysis revealed that unconditional self-acceptance partially mediated the relationship between job satisfaction and burnout, suggesting a protective psychological mechanism.
This study highlights the considerable burden of burnout among forensic medicine professionals in Romania and identifies job dissatisfaction and low self-acceptance as key contributors. Findings underscore the need for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing job satisfaction and emotional resilience, particularly in vulnerable subgroups. Institutional efforts that support mental well-being, foster emotional coping, and improve organizational dynamics are essential to reduce burnout in this high-risk population.
职业倦怠综合征日益被视为法医学专业人员面临的一项重大职业危害，这一群体承受着强烈的心理压力和复杂的工作要求。本研究旨在评估罗马尼亚法医人员的职业倦怠患病率、工作满意度和无条件自我接纳情况，并在此背景下探索职业倦怠的潜在预测因素和中介因素。
对罗马尼亚31个县的153名法医学专业人员进行了横断面调查。参与者完成了一系列标准化量表，包括马氏职业倦怠量表通用版（MBI-GS）、工作满意度调查（JSS）和无条件自我接纳问卷（USAQ）。使用第75百分位数确定职业倦怠各分量表的临界分数。对数据进行分析，以确定职业倦怠的人口统计学、职业和心理相关因素。描述性统计用于总结样本特征和职业倦怠患病率。对不同人口统计学和专业类别进行组间比较。测试了一个中介模型，以评估无条件自我接纳是否介导了工作满意度与职业倦怠之间的关系。我们假设工作满意度与职业倦怠症状呈负相关，且无条件自我接纳将介导这种关系，作为一种保护性心理因素。
约四分之一的受访者符合高总体职业倦怠、情感耗竭和专业效能低下的标准，而五分之一的参与者存在玩世不恭的态度。职业倦怠在年轻工作者、法医住院医师以及在首都工作的人员中更为普遍。工作满意度总体较高，但女性、年轻人和住院医师的满意度较低。近一半的参与者报告自我接纳程度低或非常低。中介分析表明，无条件自我接纳部分介导了工作满意度与职业倦怠之间的关系，提示存在一种保护性心理机制。
本研究突出了罗马尼亚法医学专业人员职业倦怠的沉重负担，并确定工作不满和低自我接纳是关键因素。研究结果强调需要采取有针对性的干预措施，以提高工作满意度和情绪恢复力，特别是在脆弱亚组中。支持心理健康、促进情绪应对和改善组织动态的机构努力对于减少这一高危人群的职业倦怠至关重要。
