Liang Zhiqiang, Shuo Qi, Gao Chuang, Lin Chang-Te, Fang Yufei
Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
School of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, China.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2025 May 15;12(5):534. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering12050534.
The surface properties of the running surface have an effect on physiological and biomechanical responses to exercise, but their influence on body composition, blood pressure, and knee joint kinetics during controlled sports loading is less researched. This study compared the effects of treadmill running (TR) and overground running (OR) on acute physiological and biomechanical adaptation in ten male athletes aged between 23 and 26 years old following a 30 min protocol at 75% VOmax. Pre- and post-running body composition (fat volume, protein content, and fluid distribution), blood pressure, and knee joint kinetics (total work of muscle extensors-TWMEs) were assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis, blood pressure monitor, and isokinetic dynamometry. The results indicated that TR led to highly significant reductions in protein content with a considerable accumulation of intracellular fluid. At the same time, TR reduced knee TWME by 27.4%, and OR elevated TWME by 5.6%. No significant differences in blood pressure were observed. These findings highlight surface-specific metabolic stress and biomechanical loading patterns and show that TR augments catabolic responses and knee joint strain despite equivalent external workloads.
跑步表面的特性会对运动的生理和生物力学反应产生影响，但其在可控运动负荷期间对身体成分、血压和膝关节动力学的影响研究较少。本研究比较了跑步机跑步（TR）和室外跑步（OR）对10名年龄在23至26岁之间的男性运动员在75%最大摄氧量下进行30分钟运动方案后的急性生理和生物力学适应性的影响。使用生物电阻抗分析、血压监测仪和等速测力法评估跑步前后的身体成分（脂肪体积、蛋白质含量和液体分布）、血压和膝关节动力学（伸肌总功-TWMEs）。结果表明，TR导致蛋白质含量显著降低，细胞内液大量积聚。同时，TR使膝关节TWME降低了27.4%，而OR使TWME升高了5.6%。未观察到血压有显著差异。这些发现突出了表面特异性代谢应激和生物力学负荷模式，并表明尽管外部工作量相同，但TR会增强分解代谢反应和膝关节应变。
