Kostev Karel, Kaur Nimran, Kluge Sabine, Konrad Marcel, Sedighi Jamschid, Lüdde Mark
IQVIA, Epidemiology, 60549 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
University Hospital, Philipps University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2025 May 14;61(5):891. doi: 10.3390/medicina61050891.
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and caused ~1.8 million deaths in the European Union from 2012 to 2020. This study aimed to analyze and quantify sex-based disparities, identifying both clinical and systemic contributors to in-hospital mortality differences between male and female patients. This multicenter cross-sectional study from 36 hospitals across Germany included all hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years with admissions between January 2019 and December 2023 and a primary diagnosis of AMI. The primary outcome of the study was the prevalence of in-hospital mortality as a function of sex. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the associations between female sex as compared with male sex and in-hospital mortality. The present study included 9142 male and 4128 female patients with AMI. Women were significantly older than men (74.4 years versus 67.7 years). The proportion of non-ST elevation (NSTE-MI)-MI was higher in women than in men (70.7% versus 66.7%). Overall, in-hospital mortality was higher in women than in men (8.5% versus 7.1%). In a multivariable regression model, female sex was not significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (OR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.77-1.04) irrespective of the MI type. There were no significant sex-based differences observed in the in-hospital mortality among patients suffering from AMI in Germany.
急性心肌梗死（AMI）是全球主要的死亡原因之一，2012年至2020年期间在欧盟导致约180万人死亡。本研究旨在分析和量化基于性别的差异，确定男性和女性患者住院死亡率差异的临床和全身因素。这项来自德国36家医院的多中心横断面研究纳入了所有年龄≥18岁、在2019年1月至2023年12月期间入院且初步诊断为AMI的住院患者。该研究的主要结局是住院死亡率随性别变化的患病率。进行多变量逻辑回归分析以评估女性与男性相比和住院死亡率之间的关联。本研究纳入了9142例男性和4128例女性AMI患者。女性明显比男性年龄大（74.4岁对67.7岁）。女性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死（NSTE-MI）的比例高于男性（70.7%对66.7%）。总体而言，女性的住院死亡率高于男性（8.5%对7.1%）。在多变量回归模型中，无论心肌梗死类型如何，女性性别与住院死亡率均无显著关联（OR：0.89；95%CI：0.77-1.04）。在德国，AMI患者的住院死亡率未观察到基于性别的显著差异。
