Alzoubi Fedda, Al-Gharram Mahmoud, AlZoubi Tariq, Al-Khateeb Hasan, Al-Qadi Mohammed, Abu Noqta Osamah, Makhadmeh Ghaseb, Mouhtady Omar, Al-Hmoud Mohannad, Mandumpal Jestin
Physics Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Department of Physics, School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, German Jordanian University, Amman 11180, Jordan.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 May 21;17(10):1423. doi: 10.3390/polym17101423.
This research focuses on creating CuO/PANI nanocomposite films by electrodepositing copper oxide nanoparticles into a polyaniline matrix on ITO substrates. The CuO nanoparticle content was adjusted between 7% and 21%. These nanocomposites are promising for various applications, such as optoelectronic devices, gas sensors, electromagnetic interference shielding, and electrochromic devices. We utilized UV-Vis spectroscopy to examine the nanocomposites' interaction with light, allowing us to ascertain their refractive indices and absorption coefficients. The Scherrer formula facilitated the determination of the average crystallite size, shedding light on the material's internal structure. Tauc plots indicated a reduction in the energy-band gap from 3.36 eV to 3.12 eV as the concentration of CuO nanoparticles within the PANI matrix increased, accompanied by a rise in electrical conductivity. The incorporation of CuO nanoparticles into the polyaniline matrix appears to enhance the conjugation length of PANI chains, as evidenced by shifts in the quinoid and benzenoid ring vibrations in FTIR spectra. SEM analysis indicates that the nanocomposite films possess a relatively smooth and homogeneous surface. Additionally, FTIR and XRD analyses demonstrate an increasing degree of interaction between CuO nanoparticles and PANI chains with higher CuO concentrations. At lower concentrations, interactions were minimal. In contrast, at higher concentrations, more significant interactions were observed, which facilitated the stretching of polymer chains, improved molecular packing, and facilitated the formation of larger crystalline structures within the PANI matrix. The incorporation of CuO nanoparticles resulted in nanocomposites with electrical conductivities ranging from 1.2 to 17.0 S cm, which are favorable for optimum performance in optoelectronic devices. These results confirm that the nanocomposite films combine pronounced crystallinity, markedly enhanced electrical conductivity, and tunable band-gap energies, positioning them as versatile candidates for next-generation optoelectronic devices.
本研究聚焦于通过将氧化铜纳米颗粒电沉积到氧化铟锡（ITO）衬底上的聚苯胺基质中，来制备氧化铜/聚苯胺纳米复合薄膜。氧化铜纳米颗粒的含量在7%至21%之间进行调整。这些纳米复合材料在光电器件、气体传感器、电磁干扰屏蔽和电致变色器件等各种应用中具有广阔前景。我们利用紫外-可见光谱法研究纳米复合材料与光的相互作用，从而确定其折射率和吸收系数。谢乐公式有助于确定平均微晶尺寸，揭示材料的内部结构。陶氏图表明，随着聚苯胺基质中氧化铜纳米颗粒浓度的增加，能带隙从3.36电子伏特降至3.12电子伏特，同时电导率上升。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）中醌环和苯环振动的位移表明，将氧化铜纳米颗粒掺入聚苯胺基质似乎增强了聚苯胺链的共轭长度。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析表明，纳米复合薄膜具有相对光滑且均匀的表面。此外，FTIR和X射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，随着氧化铜浓度的升高，氧化铜纳米颗粒与聚苯胺链之间的相互作用程度增加。在较低浓度下，相互作用最小。相比之下，在较高浓度下，观察到更显著的相互作用，这促进了聚合物链的拉伸、改善了分子堆积，并有助于在聚苯胺基质中形成更大的晶体结构。氧化铜纳米颗粒的掺入导致纳米复合材料的电导率在1.2至17.0 S/cm之间，这有利于光电器件的最佳性能。这些结果证实，纳米复合薄膜兼具明显的结晶度、显著增强的电导率和可调谐的带隙能量，使其成为下一代光电器件的通用候选材料。
