Wilca-Cepeda Alvaro, López-Rosero Andrea, Yumiseva Cesar A, Grijalva Mario J, Villacís Anita G
Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170530, Ecuador.
Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
Pathogens. 2025 May 1;14(5):446. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14050446.
Arboviruses transmitted by pose a significant challenge in Ecuador, as they are persistent, emerging, and re-emerging. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, these diseases were temporarily overshadowed. This study aimed to detect and identify arbovirus species in mosquitoes collected from two communities in Manabí province-Caja Fuego (rural) and San Gregorio (marginal urban). A total of 468 mosquitoes were collected-385 from Caja Fuego and 83 from San Gregorio-and grouped into 72 pools. Samples were transported to CISeAL under proper biosafety protocols, homogenized, and analyzed using End-Point PCR, RT-PCR, and Sanger sequencing. The results revealed the presence of Flaviviruses and Alphaviruses. Of the 22 Flavivirus pools tested, 18 were positive, with PCR analysis specifically identifying dengue and Zika. Although no arbovirus was identified via RT-PCR, Sanger sequencing detected two Zika-positive samples. Notably, no official Zika cases were reported in 2023, suggesting a potential undetected risk of infection in human populations of Caja Fuego and San Gregorio. This study recommends the implementation of a surveillance campaign in collaboration with the Ecuadorian Ministry of Public Health to mitigate the risk.
由[未提及的传播媒介]传播的虫媒病毒在厄瓜多尔构成了重大挑战，因为它们持续存在、不断出现且再度出现。在新冠疫情期间，这些疾病暂时被掩盖。本研究旨在检测和鉴定从马纳维省的两个社区——卡亚富埃戈（农村）和圣格雷戈里奥（城市边缘地区）采集的蚊子中的虫媒病毒种类。总共采集了468只蚊子，其中385只来自卡亚富埃戈，83只来自圣格雷戈里奥，并将它们分成72组。样本按照适当的生物安全协议运送到CISeAL，进行匀浆处理，并使用终点PCR、逆转录PCR和桑格测序进行分析。结果显示存在黄病毒属和甲病毒属病毒。在检测的22组黄病毒样本中，18组呈阳性，PCR分析明确鉴定出登革热和寨卡病毒。虽然通过逆转录PCR未鉴定出虫媒病毒，但桑格测序检测到两个寨卡病毒阳性样本。值得注意的是，2023年未报告官方寨卡病例，这表明卡亚富埃戈和圣格雷戈里奥的人群可能存在未被检测到的感染风险。本研究建议与厄瓜多尔公共卫生部合作开展监测活动以降低风险。
