Kaempfle Melanie, Hartmann Katrin, Bergmann Michèle
LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany.
Microorganisms. 2025 Apr 29;13(5):1018. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13051018.
Dogs are reservoir hosts of the zoonotic parasite , the causative agent of canine leishmaniosis. Antiparasitic drugs that are commonly used in dogs include allopurinol, miltefosine, and meglumine antimoniate. Treatment success is characterized by an improvement of disease signs, reduction in parasite load, as well as prevention of relapse. However, despite treatment, infections in dogs can usually not be cleared and often lead to (recurrent) signs of disease. Since most of the drugs used in dogs are also applied in human medicine, the prevention of treatment-induced drug-resistant strains is a major one-health concern. This review article provides an overview of current treatment options for -infected dogs with allopurinol, meglumine antimoniate, and miltefosine, related adverse effects, and drug resistance potential.
狗是一种人畜共患寄生虫的储存宿主，这种寄生虫是犬利什曼病的病原体。犬类常用的抗寄生虫药物包括别嘌呤醇、米替福新和葡甲胺锑酸盐。治疗成功的特征是疾病症状改善、寄生虫负荷降低以及预防复发。然而，尽管进行了治疗，犬类感染通常无法清除，并且常常导致（反复出现的）疾病症状。由于犬类使用的大多数药物也应用于人类医学，预防治疗引起的耐药菌株是一个主要的“同一健康”问题。这篇综述文章概述了使用别嘌呤醇、葡甲胺锑酸盐和米替福新治疗感染犬的当前治疗选择、相关不良反应以及耐药潜力。
