Wu Jiyuan, Chen Zhiquan, Zhang Yinglong, Wang Xingsong
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
Nanjing Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211111, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 May 14;25(10):3099. doi: 10.3390/s25103099.
Backpacks are widely used as an efficient and convenient means for manual load transportation. However, carrying heavy loads for a long time can significantly increase the risk of health issues. In response to the growing demand for relieving muscle fatigue, this paper proposes an energy-saving backpack that can adapt effectively to variable walking speeds and load masses. Inspired by the traditional bamboo pole commonly used for transporting goods, an energy-saving theory based on its mechanical characteristics is proposed. Guided by the theory, the backpack is designed with adjustable stiffness to enhance adaptability across different usage scenarios. Under the experimental conditions of a load of 12 kg and variable walking speeds, the backpack achieves a minimum reduction of 8.6% in the root mean square (RMS) value of gastrocnemius muscle activation. Furthermore, when the load increases from 9 kg to 12 kg, the net metabolic rate is reduced by an average of at least 14.3% compared to conventional backpacks. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed backpack under variable conditions, demonstrating the high adaptability and flexibility that the energy-saving backpack provides.
背包作为一种高效便捷的人工负载运输方式被广泛使用。然而，长时间背负重物会显著增加健康问题的风险。为了满足缓解肌肉疲劳的日益增长的需求，本文提出了一种能够有效适应不同步行速度和负载质量的节能背包。受传统用于货物运输的竹竿启发，提出了一种基于其机械特性的节能理论。在该理论指导下，背包设计了可调节的刚度，以增强在不同使用场景下的适应性。在负载为12千克且步行速度可变的实验条件下，该背包使腓肠肌激活的均方根（RMS）值最小降低了8.6%。此外，当负载从9千克增加到12千克时，与传统背包相比，净代谢率平均至少降低了14.3%。实验结果证实了所提出的背包在可变条件下的有效性，证明了节能背包具有的高适应性和灵活性。
