Koleini Maryam, Mosadegh Ahmad, Madadizadeh Farzan, Heidari Hamid
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
J Clin Lab Anal. 2025 Jul;39(14):e70063. doi: 10.1002/jcla.70063. Epub 2025 May 27.
Various factors, including virulence determinants, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial resistance, contribute to the severity of infections caused by Enterococcus spp.
Enterococcus isolates were obtained from hospitalized patients in Yazd, Iran, and identified using microbiological and molecular tests. High-level resistance, biofilm formation, and the genes encoding virulence factors and resistance were investigated following standard methods.
Enterococcus faecalis was the most prevalent species (60.7%), followed by Enterococcus faecium (30.4%). Linezolid was highly effective, with 94.6% of isolates being susceptible. However, more than 76% of isolates exhibited resistance to rifampin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin, and 94.6% were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Additionally, 39.3% of the isolates were vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) with a MIC > 32 μg/mL, and the vanA gene was detected in 35.7% of the isolates. High-level resistance to gentamicin and streptomycin was seen in 60.7% and 50% of the isolates, respectively. The most prevalent aminoglycoside resistance gene was aph(3')-IIIa (62.5%) followed by ant(6')-Ia (58.9%), and aac(6')-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia (50%). The ant(3″)-Ia was found in only one isolate. Most of the isolates (87.5%) were biofilm producers, and the distribution of virulence-encoding genes was as follows: gelE (66.1%), efaA (57.1%), asa1 (51.8%), esp (25%), cylA (19.6%), and hyl (8.9%). Furthermore, the ace gene was present in 79.4% of E. faecalis isolates, while the fnm and acm genes were found in 76.5% and 23.5% of E. faecium isolates, respectively.
The study highlights the significant role of notable drug resistance and the widespread presence of virulence traits in the development of enterococcal infections.
多种因素，包括毒力决定因素、生物膜形成和抗菌药物耐药性，均会导致肠球菌属引起的感染严重程度增加。
从伊朗亚兹德的住院患者中分离出肠球菌，并通过微生物学和分子检测进行鉴定。按照标准方法对高水平耐药性、生物膜形成以及编码毒力因子和耐药性的基因进行了研究。
粪肠球菌是最常见的菌种（60.7%），其次是屎肠球菌（30.4%）。利奈唑胺高度有效，94.6%的分离株对其敏感。然而，超过76%的分离株对利福平、红霉素、四环素和环丙沙星耐药，94.6%为多重耐药（MDR）。此外，39.3%的分离株为耐万古霉素肠球菌（VRE），其最低抑菌浓度（MIC）>32μg/mL，35.7%的分离株检测到vanA基因。分别有60.7%和50%的分离株对庆大霉素和链霉素表现出高水平耐药。最常见的氨基糖苷类耐药基因是aph(3')-IIIa（62.5%），其次是ant(6')-Ia（58.9%）和aac(6')-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia（50%）。仅在一株分离株中发现了ant(3″)-Ia。大多数分离株（87.5%）是生物膜产生菌，毒力编码基因的分布如下：gelE（66.1%）、efaA（57.1%）、asa1（51.8%）、esp（25%）、cylA（19.6%）和hyl（8.9%）。此外，ace基因存在于79.
