Delpire E, Duchêne C, Goessens G, Gilles R
Exp Cell Res. 1985 Sep;160(1):106-16. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(85)90240-x.
This study deals with the effects of hyper- and hypo-osmotic media on the ultrastructure of four different types of cells and tissues: rat pheochromocytoma cells of line PC12, mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, rat kidney cortex and intestine. Application of hyper-osmotic conditions induces in the nuclear compartment of the tested cell types a condensation of chromatin, a ruffling of the nuclear envelope with loosening of condensed chromatin from the lamina, and an apparent loss of nucleolar fibrillar component which disappears in a background of diffuse granular material. In hypo-osmotic media, there is a marked decondensation of chromatin and a fragmentation of the granular material of the nucleolus. As far as the cytoplasmic compartment is concerned, the electron density of the cytosol is markedly increasing when going from hypo- to hyper-osmotic conditions and there is no vacuolization in hypo-osmotic media. In kidney cortex slices, application of hypo-osmotic shocks further results in a marked reduction of the extracellular space delimited by the infoldings of the tubular cells plasma membranes. These modifications are discussed in relation to the volume regulation process and the changes in ion concentration that occur in cells submitted to anisosmotic media.
本研究探讨了高渗和低渗介质对四种不同类型细胞和组织超微结构的影响，这四种细胞和组织分别是：大鼠嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞系、小鼠艾氏腹水瘤细胞、大鼠肾皮质和肠。施加高渗条件会在受试细胞类型的核区室中诱导染色质凝聚、核膜起皱，使凝聚的染色质与核纤层松散，核仁纤维成分明显丢失，在弥漫性颗粒物质背景中消失。在低渗介质中，染色质明显解聚，核仁的颗粒物质碎片化。就细胞质区室而言，从低渗到高渗条件时，胞质溶胶的电子密度显著增加，且在低渗介质中无空泡化现象。在肾皮质切片中，施加低渗冲击还会导致由肾小管细胞质膜内褶界定的细胞外间隙显著减小。结合细胞在非等渗介质中发生的体积调节过程和离子浓度变化，对这些改变进行了讨论。
