Wu Tingyan, Xu Haochen, Cheng Lei, Wu Ruoxin, Guo Fuzheng, Chen Xi
Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 May 13;13:1550859. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1550859. eCollection 2025.
The nuclear envelope (NE) and nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) play a critical role in maintaining the balance between the nucleus and cytoplasm, which is essential for the structural integrity and gene regulatory functions of eukaryotic cells. Disruptions in the nucleocytoplasmic trafficking mediated by the NE and NPCs can compromise nuclear integrity and transport homeostasis, ultimately threatening cellular viability. Recent research has highlighted a strong link between dysfunction of the NE and NPCs and the onset of neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of how impairments in nuclear transport contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, with a particular focus on the NE and NPCs. We aim to shed light on the intricate relationship between these molecular gatekeepers and the pathological cascade leading to neuronal degeneration, while also exploring potential strategies to restore cellular homeostasis and mitigate the progression of these devastating neurological conditions.
核膜（NE）和核孔复合体（NPC）在维持细胞核与细胞质之间的平衡中起着关键作用，这对于真核细胞的结构完整性和基因调控功能至关重要。由核膜和核孔复合体介导的核质运输紊乱会损害核完整性和运输稳态，最终威胁细胞活力。最近的研究突出了核膜和核孔复合体功能障碍与神经退行性疾病发病之间的紧密联系。在本综述中，我们总结了目前对核运输受损如何导致神经退行性疾病发病机制的理解，特别关注核膜和核孔复合体。我们旨在阐明这些分子守门人与导致神经元变性的病理级联之间的复杂关系，同时也探索恢复细胞稳态和减轻这些毁灭性神经疾病进展的潜在策略。
