Tian Dongmei, Qu Weiyu, Wang Jiayun, Yao Jian, Fu Huanyu
Safety Engineering College of NCIST, North China Institute of Science and Technology, No.368 North Shimen Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, People's Republic of China.
School of Resources and Safety Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Haidian District, No.30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 28;15(1):18662. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-01532-y.
Dust pollution in open-pit coal mines presents substantial environmental and occupational health hazards, requiring effective control measures. Although previous research has thoroughly investigated the correlation between wind speed and dust mass concentration, the influence of air humidity and its interaction with wind speed remains insufficiently studied. This investigation examines the effects of wind speed and air humidity on dust mass concentration and analyzes their combined impact through field observations and numerical simulations at the Pingshuo open-pit coal mine. The field data underwent analysis using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The analysis revealed that wind speed and air humidity significantly impact dust mass concentration. Nonlinear curve fitting further elucidated trends in dust mass concentration. Numerical simulations using Fluent software and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) were conducted to analyze dust distribution characteristics under individual variable influences. Results indicate that increasing wind speed generally decreases dust mass concentration within the open-pit mine, while increasing air humidity tends to increase it. Combining field monitoring with numerical simulation results demonstrated that dust mass concentration within the mine pit reaches its lowest level when wind speed is approximately 1.5 m⋅s and air humidity is about 45%. These environmental conditions are conducive to inhibiting the rise in dust mass concentration within the open-pit mine.
露天煤矿的粉尘污染带来了重大的环境和职业健康危害，需要采取有效的控制措施。尽管先前的研究已经深入探讨了风速与粉尘质量浓度之间的相关性，但空气湿度的影响及其与风速的相互作用仍研究不足。本研究通过在平朔露天煤矿进行实地观测和数值模拟，考察了风速和空气湿度对粉尘质量浓度的影响，并分析了它们的综合作用。利用斯皮尔曼等级相关系数和探索性因子分析（EFA）对现场数据进行了分析。分析结果表明，风速和空气湿度对粉尘质量浓度有显著影响。非线性曲线拟合进一步阐明了粉尘质量浓度的变化趋势。使用Fluent软件和大涡模拟（LES）进行数值模拟，以分析单个变量影响下的粉尘分布特征。结果表明，风速增加通常会降低露天煤矿内的粉尘质量浓度，而空气湿度增加则往往会使其升高。将现场监测与数值模拟结果相结合表明，当风速约为1.5 m·s且空气湿度约为45%时，矿坑内的粉尘质量浓度达到最低水平。这些环境条件有利于抑制露天煤矿内粉尘质量浓度的上升。
