Antes Nicole, Schwan Stephan, Huff Markus
Leibniz-Institut Für Wissensmedien, Schleichstraße 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
Department of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Schleichstraße 4, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2025 May 28;10(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s41235-025-00629-2.
In today's rapid dissemination of information, discerning truth from falsehood is crucial. We investigated how cues signaling information veracity influence memory accuracy and confidence in coherent narratives. Two studies manipulated perceptual difficulty in distinguishing true-labeled from false-labeled information in event descriptions using font color as a cue. Study 1 (N = 198) revealed that the presence of veracity cues reduces memory accuracy for the event description. Study 2 (N = 248) showed that when differentiating veracity cues became more challenging, false-labeled information was more frequently misidentified and less accurately remembered. Confidence ratings decreased with the presence of veracity cues (Study 1) but resulted in disproportionately high confidence for sentences labeled as false that were confused as true (Study 2). False-labeled information was less retained, yielding initially more accurate event representation. However, once stored, false-labeled information was recalled with confidence as true, leading to a false representation. Therefore, mechanisms such as highlighting the veracity of information within coherent news articles on social media should be used with consideration.
在当今信息迅速传播的时代，辨别真假至关重要。我们研究了表明信息真实性的线索如何影响对连贯叙事的记忆准确性和信心。两项研究使用字体颜色作为线索，操纵了在事件描述中区分真实标签和虚假标签信息的感知难度。研究1（N = 198）表明，真实性线索的存在会降低对事件描述的记忆准确性。研究2（N = 248）表明，当区分真实性线索变得更具挑战性时，虚假标签信息被更频繁地误认且记忆不准确。随着真实性线索的存在，信心评级下降（研究1），但对于被误当作真实的虚假标签句子，信心却高得不成比例（研究2）。虚假标签信息留存较少，从而产生最初更准确的事件表征。然而，一旦存储下来，虚假标签信息会被自信地当作真实信息回忆起来，导致错误表征。因此，在社交媒体上的连贯新闻文章中突出信息真实性等机制的使用应谨慎考虑。
