Zhao Wang, Liu Wenkai, Meng Xin, Jin Ning, Jin Li, Xu Zhiqi, Zhang Qian, Sun Qin, Zhang Wei, Yu Jihua, Wang Shuya, Lyu Jian
College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P.R. China.
State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, P.R. China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 May 28;25(1):720. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06756-8.
In most parts of northern China, the light environment in facilities deteriorates owing to shortened sunshine time and weaker light intensity in winter. Artificial light supplementation is an effective method for alleviating the problems of vegetable growth, quality, and yield reduction caused by limited light. In this study, LEDs were used to examine different spatial settings (CK: no supplemental lighting; T1: upward supplemental lighting between plants; T2: downward supplemental lighting at the top of the plant; T3: downward supplemental lighting between plants; and T4: upward supplemental lighting at the bottom of the plant) on the biomass, yield, quality, water-use efficiency, and electric energy efficiency of 'Jingfan 502' tomato plants. LED supplemental light treatment significantly increased the dry and fresh weights of tomato overground and whole plants, decreased the dry matter distribution rate of stems, increased the dry matter distribution rate of leaves, increased the water-use efficiency of tomato plants, and increased the soluble sugar content, organic acid content, and sugar-acid ratio of tomato fruits. Among them, whole plant fresh weight, whole plant dry weight, fruit allocation ratio, yield, water-use efficiency, total sugar content, and sugar-acid ratio of tomatoes were the highest under the T4 treatment, with increases of 22.63%, 17.54%, 8.83%, 48.33%, 39.72%, 27.38%, and 6.5%, respectively, compared with CK. The electrical energy efficiency of plants under the T4 treatment was the highest at 32.84 g/kw. After principal component analysis of the 14 indicators, the composite scores were T4 > T2 > T3 > T1 > CK. The LED light source with bottom-upward supplemental light was the most suitable for tomatoes. The findings provide a theoretical basis for water-saving and high-quality production of overwintering tomatoes in a solar greenhouse in northern China.
在中国北方大部分地区，设施内的光照环境因冬季日照时间缩短和光照强度减弱而变差。人工补光是缓解因光照受限导致蔬菜生长、品质和产量下降问题的有效方法。本研究采用发光二极管（LED）探究不同空间设置（对照：不补光；T1：植株间向上补光；T2：植株顶部向下补光；T3：植株间向下补光；T4：植株底部向上补光）对‘京番502’番茄植株生物量、产量、品质、水分利用效率和电能效率的影响。LED补光处理显著增加了番茄地上部和整株的干鲜重，降低了茎的干物质分配率，增加了叶的干物质分配率，提高了番茄植株的水分利用效率，增加了番茄果实的可溶性糖含量、有机酸含量和糖酸比。其中，T4处理下番茄的整株鲜重、整株干重、果实分配率、产量、水分利用效率、总糖含量和糖酸比最高，与对照相比分别增加了22.63%、17.54%、8.83%、48.33%、39.72%、27.38%和6.5%。T4处理下植株的电能效率最高，为32.84克/千瓦。对14项指标进行主成分分析后，综合得分T4＞T2＞T3＞T1＞对照。底部向上补光的LED光源最适合番茄。研究结果为中国北方日光温室越冬番茄的节水优质生产提供了理论依据。
