Brown Alexandra, Karl Amanda, Murugan Vikram, Billion Taylor, Jabbar Ali Bin Abdul, Mirza Mohsin
School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States.
Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 May 14;12:1579177. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1579177. eCollection 2025.
Pulmonary emphysema is a progressive lung disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms that are a result of destruction to the alveoli wall and enlargement of distal airspaces. Despite initiatives made to create awareness about the dangers of smoking, and a nationwide reduction in cigarette smoking, emphysema (COPD) is still the third leading cause of death in the United States.
This study utilized the CDC WONDER national database to investigate the trends in emphysema-related mortality in the United States. Age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 people (AAMR), annual percentage change (APC), and average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed. The Joinpoint Regression Program was used to determine mortality trends between 1999 and 2022. Data extracted for analysis in this study includes gender, race/ethnicity, age groups, regions, states, and urban/rural classification.
From 1999 to 2022, there were 526,545 deaths due to emphysema in the United States. Overall age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) in the United States decreased from 18.47 in 1999 to 7.75 in 2022, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of -3.698. Emphysema caused 296,859 deaths in males and 229,686 in females in the United States. White populations had the highest AAMR over this period and the largest reduction in AAMR. AAMRs were initially highest in urban areas compared to rural regions. 85 + years had the highest crude mortality rate of 123.11 in 1999.
Emphysema-related deaths in the United States decreased overall between 1999 and 2022, likely a result of a greater emphasis on health education concerning the significant dangers of smoking and policy changes that made cigarettes less accessible and less affordable, and more available access to resources and support networks.
It is important to address possible health disparities that exist among populations and improve healthcare outcomes and resource allocation among all population groups.
肺气肿是一种进行性肺部疾病，其特征是持续的呼吸道症状，这是肺泡壁破坏和远端气腔扩大的结果。尽管已采取措施提高人们对吸烟危害的认识，且全国吸烟率有所下降，但肺气肿（慢性阻塞性肺疾病）仍是美国第三大死因。
本研究利用美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的WONDER国家数据库调查美国肺气肿相关死亡率的趋势。评估了每10万人的年龄调整死亡率（AAMR）、年百分比变化（APC）以及平均年百分比变化（AAPC）及其95%置信区间（CI）。使用Joinpoint回归程序确定1999年至2022年期间的死亡率趋势。本研究中提取用于分析的数据包括性别、种族/族裔、年龄组、地区、州以及城乡分类。
1999年至2022年期间，美国有526,545人死于肺气肿。美国总体年龄调整死亡率（AAMR）从1999年的18.47降至2022年的7.75，平均年百分比变化（AAPC）为 -3.698。在美国，肺气肿导致男性死亡296,859人，女性死亡229,686人。在此期间，白人人口的AAMR最高，且AAMR下降幅度最大。与农村地区相比，城市地区的AAMR最初最高。1999年，85岁及以上人群的粗死亡率最高，为123.11。
1999年至2022年期间，美国与肺气肿相关的死亡人数总体下降，这可能是由于更加强调吸烟的重大危害的健康教育以及政策变化，使得香烟更难获得且价格更高，同时资源和支持网络的获取更加便利。
解决不同人群之间可能存在的健康差距，改善所有人群的医疗保健结果和资源分配非常重要。
