Ogoncho Isaac Machuki, Wakasiaka Sabina, Mageto Irene Gacheri, Chege Margaret
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Maseno University, Kenya.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2025 May 1;26(5):1591-1597. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.5.1591.
Health education influences the sociocultural health beliefs and enhances the decision making of women resulting in a change in their screening behavior. This study evaluated the impact of a nurse-led health education based on the Health Belief Model constructs on improving the knowledge, perceptions and the uptake of cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected women in Kisii County, Kenya.
A 2-arm quasi-experimental design was employed in the HIV care clinics at Keumbu and Gucha sub-County hospitals in Kisii County, Kenya. The study population comprised of HIV-infected women aged between 15 and 49 years attending the two HIV care clinics. A sample size of 306 for each arm of the study was used. Systematic random sampling was used to select the 306 participants enrolled in each of the study arms. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, knowledge, perceptions and uptake of cervical cancer screening data among the HIV-infected women was collected at pre-test and post-test surveys.
We analyzed 566 participants (response rate 566/612, 92%) with 287 participants in the control arm and 279 participants in the intervention arm. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of knowledge (p=0.001), perceived susceptibility (p=0.003), perceived severity (p=0.001), perceived barriers (p=0.001) and perceived self-efficacy (p=0.001) in the intervention arm compared to the control arm after the intervention. The proportion of participants screened significantly (p<0.001) increased from 16% to 57% in the intervention arm versus 7% to 9% in the control arm after the intervention.
A nurse-led educational intervention in a hospital setting was effective in improving the knowledge and uptake of cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected women. The intervention partially improved their perceptions of cervical cancer and screening. Targeted health education can influence the uptake of cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected women.
健康教育会影响社会文化健康观念，并增强女性的决策能力，从而改变她们的筛查行为。本研究评估了基于健康信念模型构建的由护士主导的健康教育对提高肯尼亚基苏木县感染艾滋病毒女性的宫颈癌筛查知识、认知及接受率的影响。
在肯尼亚基苏木县的肯布和古查县医院的艾滋病毒护理诊所采用双臂准实验设计。研究人群包括在这两家艾滋病毒护理诊所就诊的年龄在15至49岁之间的感染艾滋病毒的女性。研究的每组样本量为306。采用系统随机抽样法选择每组研究中的306名参与者。在预测试和后测试调查中收集了感染艾滋病毒女性的社会人口统计学和临床特征、宫颈癌筛查知识、认知及接受率数据。
我们分析了566名参与者（回复率为566/612，92%），其中对照组有287名参与者，干预组有279名参与者。干预后，与对照组相比，干预组在知识（p=0.001）、感知易感性（p=0.003）、感知严重性（p=0.001）、感知障碍（p=0.001）和感知自我效能（p=0.001）的平均得分上存在统计学显著差异。干预后，干预组接受筛查的参与者比例从16%显著增加到57%（p<0.001），而对照组从7%增加到9%。
在医院环境中由护士主导的教育干预有效地提高了感染艾滋病毒女性对宫颈癌筛查的知识和接受率。该干预部分改善了她们对宫颈癌和筛查的认知。有针对性的健康教育可以影响感染艾滋病毒女性对宫颈癌筛查的接受情况。
