肯尼亚妇女对宫颈癌的知识、态度、实践和感知风险：简要报告。
Knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived risk of cervical cancer among Kenyan women: brief report.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
出版信息
Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2013 Jun;23(5):895-9. doi: 10.1097/IGC.0b013e31828e425c.
OBJECTIVES
Eastern Africa has the highest incidence and mortality rates from cervical cancer worldwide. It is important to describe the differences among women and their perceived risk of cervical cancer to determine target groups to increase cervical cancer screening.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed women seeking reproductive health services in Kisumu, Kenya to assess their perceived risk of cervical cancer and risk factors influencing cervical cancer screening uptake. χ² statistics and t tests were used to determine significant factors, which were incorporated into a logistic model to determine factors independently associated with cervical cancer risk perception.
RESULTS
Whereas 91% of the surveyed women had heard of cancer, only 29% of the 388 surveyed women had previously heard of cervical cancer. Most had received their information from health care workers. Few women (6%) had ever been screened for cervical cancer and cited barriers such as fear, time, and lack of knowledge about cervical cancer. Nearly all previously screened women (22/24 [92%]) believed that cervical cancer was curable if detected early and that screening should be conducted annually (86%). Most women (254/388 [65%]) felt they were at risk for cervical cancer. Women with perceived risk of cervical cancer were older (odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.10), reported a history of marriage (OR, 2.08; CI, 1.00-4.30), were less likely to feel adequately informed about cervical cancer by health care providers (OR, 0.76; CI, 0.18-0.83), and more likely to intend to have cervical cancer screening in the future (OR, 10.59; CI, 3.96-28.30). Only 5% of the women reported that they would not be willing to undergo screening regardless of cost.
CONCLUSIONS
Cervical cancer is a major health burden for women in sub-Saharan Africa, yet only one third of the women had ever heard of cervical cancer in Kisumu, Kenya. Understanding factors associated with women's perceived risk of cervical cancer could guide future educational and clinical interventions to increase cervical cancer screening.
目的
东非是全球宫颈癌发病率和死亡率最高的地区。描述女性之间的差异及其对宫颈癌的认知风险，对于确定目标人群以增加宫颈癌筛查至关重要。
方法
本横断面研究调查了在肯尼亚基苏木寻求生殖健康服务的女性，以评估她们对宫颈癌的认知风险和影响宫颈癌筛查接受度的风险因素。采用卡方检验和 t 检验确定显著因素，并将其纳入逻辑回归模型，以确定与宫颈癌认知风险相关的独立因素。
结果
虽然 91%的调查女性听说过癌症，但在 388 名接受调查的女性中，仅有 29%的女性听说过宫颈癌。大多数信息来自医护人员。很少有女性（6%）曾接受过宫颈癌筛查，她们提到的障碍包括恐惧、时间和对宫颈癌知识的缺乏。几乎所有之前接受过筛查的女性（22/24 [92%]）都认为如果早期发现宫颈癌是可以治愈的，并且应该每年进行筛查（86%）。大多数女性（254/388 [65%]）认为自己有患宫颈癌的风险。有宫颈癌认知风险的女性年龄更大（优势比 [OR]，1.06；95%置信区间 [CI]，1.02-1.10）、有婚姻史（OR，2.08；CI，1.00-4.30）、更有可能认为医护人员对宫颈癌的信息提供不足（OR，0.76；CI，0.18-0.83），并且更有可能计划未来进行宫颈癌筛查（OR，10.59；CI，3.96-28.30）。只有 5%的女性表示无论费用如何，她们都不愿意接受筛查。
结论
宫颈癌是撒哈拉以南非洲女性的主要健康负担，但在肯尼亚基苏木，仅有三分之一的女性听说过宫颈癌。了解与女性宫颈癌认知风险相关的因素，可以指导未来的教育和临床干预措施，以增加宫颈癌筛查。
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