Xu Rui, Wang Shanshan, Luo Yiyuan, Pan Ping, Zhao Yitian, Wang Juan, Chen Hongjiang
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, China.
School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2025 Sep 15;39(17):e10082. doi: 10.1002/rcm.10082.
Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.f. (Orchidaceae), a traditional Chinese medicine herb known as baiji, exhibits diverse pharmacological activities. Despite extensive research on its phytochemistry, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of B. striata remain largely unexplored.
Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) was used to analyze and compare the VOCs of three pre-processing methods (fresh, boiling, and steaming) and four drying methods (sun-drying [SD], vacuum freeze drying [VFD], hot air drying [HAD], microwave drying [MD]) in B. striata.
A total of 137 VOCs were detected and 124 VOCs were identified, primarily including aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones. Principal component analysis (PCA) and fingerprint similarity analysis revealed that the drying method has a greater impact on VOCs than pre-processing method. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and heat map cluster analysis identified 34 VOCs as main characteristic markers to differentiate the samples of B. striata with different processing methods. Additionally, the samples subjected to sequential steaming followed by sun-drying demonstrated a superior ability to retain both the quantity and variety of non-harmful VOC.
This research conducted a detailed analysis of the fundamental VOCs in B. striata and provided a scientific theoretical guidance for optimizing processing of B. striata medicinal materials.
白及（兰科植物白及（Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.f.））是一种传统中药材，具有多种药理活性。尽管对其植物化学进行了广泛研究，但白及的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）仍 largely未被探索。
采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱（GC-IMS）分析和比较白及三种预处理方法（新鲜、煮沸和蒸煮）和四种干燥方法（晒干[SD]、真空冷冻干燥[VFD]、热风干燥[HAD]、微波干燥[MD]）的VOCs。
共检测到137种VOCs，鉴定出124种VOCs，主要包括醛类、醇类和酮类。主成分分析（PCA）和指纹相似度分析表明，干燥方法对VOCs的影响大于预处理方法。偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）和热图聚类分析确定了34种VOCs为区分不同加工方法白及样品的主要特征标志物。此外，先蒸煮后晒干的样品在保留无害VOC的数量和种类方面表现出 superior能力。
本研究对白及中的基本VOCs进行了详细分析，为优化白及药材加工提供了科学理论指导。
