Li Luming, Gates Janet, Westover Arthur, Hubregsen Joshua, Perez Jennifer, Mancuso Annette, Brenner Adam
The Harris Center for Mental Health and IDD, Houston, USA.
UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2025 May 29. doi: 10.1007/s11920-025-01615-7.
This review examines the role of advanced practice providers (APPs), such as nurse practitioners and physician assistants, in psychiatric practice and related supervision considerations.
The number of psychiatric APPs has increased significantly in recent years, with data indicating substantial workforce expansion. APPs receive substantially fewer supervised clinical hours in training than psychiatrists. Current literature suggests that APPs report perceived feelings of inadequacy in their initial practice years, reinforcing the need for structured supervision and post-graduate training programs. Standardized best practices for APP supervision remain largely undefined. The authors critically examined recent literature related to APP practice in psychiatry and provide recommendations for a multi-tiered supervision model, ongoing competency assessments and quality monitoring, and organizational oversight to support successful integration of APPs into psychiatric practice. Future research and evaluation should focus on assessing the efficacy of supervision strategies and their impact on APP clinical outcomes.
本综述探讨了高级执业人员（如执业护士和医师助理）在精神科实践中的作用以及相关的监督考量。
近年来，精神科高级执业人员的数量显著增加，数据表明劳动力大幅扩张。高级执业人员在培训中接受的临床监督时间远少于精神科医生。当前文献表明，高级执业人员在最初执业的几年中报告了自身能力不足的感觉，这进一步凸显了结构化监督和毕业后培训项目的必要性。高级执业人员监督的标准化最佳实践在很大程度上仍未明确。作者批判性地审视了近期与精神科高级执业人员实践相关的文献，并为多层次监督模式、持续能力评估和质量监测以及组织监督提供了建议，以支持高级执业人员成功融入精神科实践。未来的研究和评估应侧重于评估监督策略的有效性及其对高级执业人员临床结果的影响。
