Zhan Zhonggen, Zhang Jue, Huang Weisu, Huang Jiaxin
Shool of Food and Health, Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
Shool of Food and Health, Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
Phytomedicine. 2025 Jul 25;143:156834. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156834. Epub 2025 May 15.
Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, a well-known phytomedicine has been widely used in traditional medicine for centuries. However, its quality and yield are heavily influenced by environmental conditions and cultivation years. For example, ginsenosides as the primary active component of ginseng, the concentration increased with the age of the roots and unevenly distributed across different tissues. Recently, transcriptomic technologies have provided powerful tools for revealing the relationship between gene expression and ginsenoside accumulation during ginseng growth, and researches in this field is continuously expanding, influencing the quality and sustainability of ginseng cultivation.
Investigating the relationship between ginseng growth and the accumulation of active components may provide new insights for improving ginseng performance and medicinal value. This requires a systematic review and in-depth discussion of relevant research.
This article reviews the application of transcriptomic strategies in studying the molecular mechanisms of ginseng growth and ginsenoside accumulation. A literature search and analysis were conducted using keywords such as "Panax ginseng" and "transcriptomics/transcriptome," along with terms including "ginsenoside biosynthesis," "microbe/microorganism," "RNA-seq," "cultivation years," "rhizosphere," and "stress."
Our study focuses on the transcriptome strategy provides molecular insights into the growth and ginsenosides accumulation of Panax ginseng, we summarized and discussed the dynamic changes in gene expression across cultivation years, specific-tissue, environmental stress, and imbalance of rhizosphere microbes during the ginseng growth and ginsenosides accumulation process. In addition, we also highlight future directions.
The cultivation years, specific-tissue, environmental stress, and rhizosphere microbiome imbalance of Panax ginseng are indirectly or directly involved in plant health, biomass production, and the synthesis of ginsenosides. Harnessing these factors to improve the quality and yield of ginseng holds great promise.
人参是一种著名的植物药，几个世纪以来一直在传统医学中广泛使用。然而，其质量和产量受到环境条件和种植年份的严重影响。例如，人参皂苷作为人参的主要活性成分，其浓度随着根的年龄增长而增加，并且在不同组织中分布不均。近年来，转录组技术为揭示人参生长过程中基因表达与人参皂苷积累之间的关系提供了有力工具，该领域的研究不断扩展，影响着人参种植的质量和可持续性。
研究人参生长与活性成分积累之间的关系可能为提高人参性能和药用价值提供新的见解。这需要对相关研究进行系统综述和深入讨论。
本文综述了转录组学策略在研究人参生长和人参皂苷积累分子机制中的应用。使用“人参”和“转录组学/转录组”等关键词，以及包括“人参皂苷生物合成”、“微生物/微生物群落”、“RNA测序”、“种植年份”、“根际”和“胁迫”等术语进行文献检索和分析。
我们的研究聚焦于转录组策略，为人参的生长和人参皂苷积累提供了分子见解，总结并讨论了人参生长和人参皂苷积累过程中不同种植年份、特定组织、环境胁迫以及根际微生物失衡情况下基因表达的动态变化。此外，我们还突出了未来的研究方向。
人参的种植年份、特定组织、环境胁迫和根际微生物群落失衡间接或直接参与植物健康、生物量生产和人参皂苷的合成。利用这些因素提高人参的质量和产量具有很大潜力。
