Wang Yao, Ma Xue, Ma Chao, Sun Tangna, Zhao Daidi, Li Hongzeng, Yan Yaping, Guo Jun
Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 May 15;16:1536740. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1536740. eCollection 2025.
Human brucellosis, caused by , is an infectious disease with specific endemic regions, especially in pastoral areas, and may affect multiple organ systems. Neurological involvement, namely neurobrucellosis, occurs in very few of these patients. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is the most frequent type of autoimmune encephalitis and is usually associated with tumors or herpes simplex virus infections. However, the link between the two disease entities is unknown. In this report, we present a rare case of a 29-year-old Chinese man with anti-NMDAR encephalitis associated with neurobrucellosis, with the detection of anti-NMDAR antibodies by cell-based assay and by metagenomic next-generation sequencing in his cerebrospinal fluid sample. The patient improved after antimicrobial treatment and immunotherapies, including steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. This case implicates infection as a possible trigger for the production of anti-NMDAR antibodies, and prospective studies should reveal whether there is a casual relationship between brucellosis and anti-NMDAR antibodies.
人类布鲁氏菌病由[病原体名称缺失]引起，是一种具有特定流行地区的传染病，尤其在牧区，可累及多个器官系统。神经系统受累，即神经型布鲁氏菌病，在这些患者中很少见。抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体（NMDAR）脑炎是最常见的自身免疫性脑炎类型，通常与肿瘤或单纯疱疹病毒感染有关。然而，这两种疾病实体之间的联系尚不清楚。在本报告中，我们介绍了一例罕见病例，一名29岁的中国男性患有与神经型布鲁氏菌病相关的抗NMDAR脑炎，通过基于细胞的检测方法在其脑脊液样本中检测到抗NMDAR抗体，并通过宏基因组新一代测序检测到[相关病原体或物质缺失]。患者在接受抗菌治疗和免疫治疗（包括类固醇和静脉注射免疫球蛋白）后病情好转。该病例提示[病原体名称缺失]感染可能是产生抗NMDAR抗体的触发因素，前瞻性研究应揭示布鲁氏菌病与抗NMDAR抗体之间是否存在因果关系。
