Hultman Cathrine, Rehn Mattias, Sescousse Guillaume, Nilsson Kent, Vadlin Sofia, Åslund Cecilia
Centre for Clinical Research, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Region Västmanland, Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden.
CHAP, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Gambl Stud. 2025 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s10899-025-10398-8.
Monetary reward processing during gambling is associated with dopaminergic functioning. Emotional reactivity to different gambling stimuli can be indexed by autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses measured by skin conductance responses (SCR) and heart rate (HR). Genetic markers regulating neural dopaminergic activity, such as the D2 dopamine receptor, might confer differential sensitivity to gambling stimuli, which may also be modulated by previous exposure to gambling. To date, no previous studies have explored the relationship between genetic markers of the D2 dopamine receptor, real-life gambling exposure and ANS responses during gambling. Hence, this study explored associations and interactions between DRD2 C957T (rs6277) and ANKK1 Taq1A (rs1800497) genotypes, real-life gambling frequency and autonomic responses during reward anticipation and outcome delivery in a slot machine task producing wins, near-misses and full-misses. Participants (n = 270) performed a computerized slot machine task with recordings of SCRs and HR responses during gambling performance and provided saliva samples for DNA extraction. Taq1A A1 carriers showed increased SCRs and HR responses during reward anticipation and to wins. Greater responsivity during anticipation, as well as to wins and full-misses, was also observed in C957T heterozygotes. Regarding real-life gambling involvement, higher gambling frequency among Taq1A A1 carriers was associated with decreased HR responses during anticipation and to wins. Results suggest that polymorphic variants of the D2 dopamine receptor may confer differential sensitivity to different gambling stimuli which may further be modulated by real-life gambling exposures. However, further studies are needed in well powered samples of gamblers and control subjects.
赌博过程中的金钱奖励处理与多巴胺能功能有关。对不同赌博刺激的情绪反应可以通过皮肤电导反应（SCR）和心率（HR）测量的自主神经系统（ANS）反应来衡量。调节神经多巴胺能活动的基因标记，如D2多巴胺受体，可能赋予对赌博刺激的不同敏感性，这也可能受到先前赌博经历的调节。迄今为止，尚无研究探讨D2多巴胺受体的基因标记、现实生活中的赌博经历与赌博期间ANS反应之间的关系。因此，本研究在一个产生赢、接近赢和未赢结果的老虎机任务中，探究了DRD2 C957T（rs6277）和ANKK1 Taq1A（rs1800497）基因型、现实生活中的赌博频率以及奖励预期和结果呈现期间的自主反应之间的关联和相互作用。参与者（n = 270）进行了一项计算机化老虎机任务，在赌博过程中记录SCR和HR反应，并提供唾液样本用于DNA提取。Taq1A A1携带者在奖励预期和赢的情况下显示出SCR和HR反应增加。在C957T杂合子中，预期期间以及对赢和未赢的反应性也更高。关于现实生活中的赌博参与情况，Taq1A A1携带者中较高的赌博频率与预期期间和赢的情况下HR反应降低有关。结果表明，D2多巴胺受体的多态性变体可能赋予对不同赌博刺激的不同敏感性，这可能进一步受到现实生活中赌博经历的调节。然而，需要在有足够样本量的赌徒和对照受试者中进行进一步研究。
