Martín-Cardoso Héctor, Castillo Laia, Busturia Iratxe, Bücker Gerrit, Marqués Luís, Pla Eva, Català-Forner Mar, Domingo Concha, San Segundo Blanca
Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CRAG Building, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, C/ de la Vall Moronta, Spain.
Cooperativa de Productores de Semillas de Arroz, S.C.L. (COPSEMAR), Avda del Mar 1, 46410, Sueca, Valencia, Spain.
Rice (N Y). 2025 May 30;18(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s12284-025-00805-4.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish symbiotic associations with a wide range of plant species. Root colonization by AM fungi improves the uptake of mineral nutrients in the host plant, mainly phosphorus, in exchange for photosynthetically fixed carbon. Rice is one of the most important cereal crops in the world that is cultivated in diverse ecosystems, mainly in flooded fields. Although rice is a host for AM fungi, flooding depresses colonization of rice roots by AM fungi. However, once fungal penetration into the rice root has occurred, the functional capacities of the AM fungus are not affected by flooding. In this study, we investigated mycorrhizal responsiveness in a panel of temperate japonica rice varieties in low fertility soil collected from rice fields. We show that inoculation with an AM fungus, either Rhizophagus irregularis or Funneliformis mosseae, stimulates seedling growth, improves Pi nutrition and enhances resistance to infection by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae in aerobically grown rice plants in low fertility soil. The fungus M. oryzae is the causal agent of the rice blast disease, one of the most devastating diseases in cultivated rice worldwide. Field trials were conducted in flooded paddy fields of eastern Spain (mediterranean region) in 2023 and 2024. Three elite rice varieties were inoculated with R. irregularis and grown in nurseries under aerobic conditions during early vegetative stage. The AM-inoculated seedlings were then transplanted to flooded fields. We show that inoculation with R. irregularis increases grain yield and blast resistance, namely leaf blast, neck blast, node blast and panicle blast, in flooded field conditions. Although all the japonica rice varieties here examined benefited from the AM symbiosis, its effects varied depending on the rice variety and the geographical location. These findings demonstrated that the application of AM fungi in nurseries may be integrated with conventional rice cultivation systems in paddy fields for the development of sustainable rice production systems less dependent on chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
丛枝菌根（AM）真菌与多种植物物种建立共生关系。AM真菌对根系的定殖可改善宿主植物对矿质养分的吸收，主要是磷，以换取光合固定碳。水稻是世界上最重要的谷类作物之一，种植于多种生态系统中，主要是淹水田地。尽管水稻是AM真菌的宿主，但淹水会抑制AM真菌对水稻根系的定殖。然而，一旦真菌穿透水稻根系，AM真菌的功能能力不受淹水影响。在本研究中，我们调查了从稻田采集的低肥力土壤中一组温带粳稻品种的菌根响应性。我们发现，接种AM真菌，即不规则球囊霉或摩西管柄囊霉，可刺激低肥力土壤中好气生长的水稻幼苗生长，改善磷营养，并增强对稻瘟病菌感染的抗性。稻瘟病菌是水稻稻瘟病的病原体，是全球栽培水稻中最具破坏性的病害之一。2023年和2024年在西班牙东部（地中海地区）的淹水稻田进行了田间试验。三个优良水稻品种接种不规则球囊霉，并在营养生长早期于好气条件下在苗圃中生长。然后将接种AM的幼苗移栽到淹水田地。我们发现，接种不规则球囊霉可提高淹水田间条件下的谷物产量和抗稻瘟病能力，即叶瘟、穗颈瘟、节瘟和穗瘟。尽管这里检测的所有粳稻品种都从AM共生中受益，但其效果因水稻品种和地理位置而异。这些发现表明，在苗圃中应用AM真菌可与稻田传统水稻种植系统相结合，以发展减少对化肥和农药依赖的可持续水稻生产系统。
