Qiu Bopeng, Wang Ziyu, Yin Mingyue, Feng Jinghan, Diao Penglin, Del Coso Juan, Taiar Redha
School of Strength and Conditioning, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
College of Swimming, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2025 May 30;20(5):e0322010. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322010. eCollection 2025.
This study aimed to perform a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examining the effectiveness of whole-body vibration training (WBVT) on muscle performance in healthy women.
A systematic search of studies available up to 30 May 2024 was conducted using seven databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, PEDro, and the Cochrane Library. Studies with a randomized and controlled protocol in which the effect of WBVT on muscle performance variables was compared to that of a) a non-exercise intervention or b) exercise intervention in healthy women were assessed for eligibility. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. Meta-analyses were performed using random effects models, and the results were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).
A total of 21 randomized controlled trials, encompassing 748 healthy women, was included in the meta-analysis. WBVT demonstrated significantly greater effects on muscle strength and power when compared with the non-exercise control groups with regard to knee extension (SMD = 0.534, 95% CI: 0.303 to 0.766, p < 0.001), leg press (SMD = 0.794, 95% CI = 0.424 to 1.163, p < 0.001), ankle plantar flexion (SMD = 0.462, 95% CI: 0.019 to 0.904, p = 0.041), and the countermovement jump performance (SMD = 0.470, 95% CI: 0.211 to 0.729, p < 0.001). However, WBVT significantly improved only the countermovement jump performance (SMD = 0.338, 95% CI: 0.037 to 0.640, p = 0.028) when compared with the exercise control groups. Subgroup analyses revealed that longer periods (≥ 12 weeks) of WBVT resulted in greater benefits for both muscle strength and power compared to the non-exercise control group. Additionally, higher frequencies (> 30 Hz, SMD = 0.736, p < 0.001; ≤ 30 Hz, SMD = 0.284, p = 0.109) provided greater benefits for improving muscle strength. Last, post-menopausal women (post-menopausal, SMD = 0.561, p = 0.001; pre-menopausal, SMD = 0.354, p = 0.076) obtained greater benefits in muscle power with WBVT than pre-menopausal women.
WBVT is efficacious in improving lower-body muscle strength and power in healthy women. However, the potential benefits of WBVT compared to other exercise interventions were only associated with an enhancement in countermovement jump performance. Longer periods (≥ 12 weeks) of WBVT resulted in greater benefits for both muscle strength and power compared to the non-exercise control group. Additionally, higher vibration frequencies (> 30 Hz) provided greater improvements in muscle strength, while post-menopausal women reaped greater benefits in muscle power than pre-menopausal women.
本研究旨在对随机对照试验进行全面的荟萃分析，以检验全身振动训练（WBVT）对健康女性肌肉性能的有效性。
使用七个数据库（包括PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、Scopus、CINAHL、PEDro和Cochrane图书馆）对截至2024年5月30日的可用研究进行系统检索。评估纳入标准为采用随机对照方案，将WBVT对肌肉性能变量的影响与以下两者进行比较的研究：a）非运动干预；b）健康女性的运动干预。使用PEDro量表评估纳入研究的方法学质量。采用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，结果以标准化平均差（SMD）及相应的95%置信区间（95%CI）表示。
共有21项随机对照试验纳入荟萃分析，涵盖748名健康女性。与非运动对照组相比，WBVT在膝关节伸展（SMD = 0.534，95%CI：0.303至0.766，p < 0.001）、腿部推举（SMD = 0.794，95%CI = 0.424至1.163，p < 0.001）、踝关节跖屈（SMD = 0.462，95%CI：0.019至0.904，p = 0.041）和反向运动跳跃表现（SMD = 0.470，95%CI：0.211至0.729，p < 0.001）方面对肌肉力量和功率的影响显著更大。然而，与运动对照组相比，WBVT仅在反向运动跳跃表现上有显著改善（SMD = 0.338，95%CI：0.037至0.640，p = 0.028）。亚组分析显示，与非运动对照组相比，较长时间（≥12周）的WBVT对肌肉力量和功率均产生更大益处。此外，较高频率（> 30 Hz，SMD = 0.736，p < 0.001；≤ 30 Hz，SMD = 0.284，p = 0.109）对提高肌肉力量有更大益处。最后，绝经后女性（绝经后，SMD = 0.561，p = 0.001；绝经前，SMD = 0.354，p = 0.076）通过WBVT在肌肉功率方面比绝经前女性获得更大益处。
WBVT对改善健康女性的下肢肌肉力量和功率有效。然而，与其他运动干预相比，WBVT的潜在益处仅与反向运动跳跃表现的增强相关。与非运动对照组相比，较长时间（≥12周）的WBVT对肌肉力量和功率均产生更大益处。此外，较高的振动频率（> 30 Hz）能更大程度地改善肌肉力量，而绝经后女性在肌肉功率方面比绝经前女性获益更大。
