Shehadeh Waseem, Milhem Fathi, Hajjeh Orabi, AbuZahra Mohammad, Zahra Anas Abu, Etkaidek Zeineddin, Atawna Amir, Hassoun Jawad, Shweiki Sameeha, Nazzal Zaher
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Department of Pediatrics, Makassed Hospital, East Jerusalem, Palestine.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2025 May 30;25(1):324. doi: 10.1186/s12886-025-04152-2.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a major, yet preventable, cause of childhood blindness. This study aimed to determine the incidence in Palestine and the risk factors for ROP development.
We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 520 preterm infants born between January 2020 and December 2023 in 7 major Palestinian Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) who were screened for ROP. We examined a range of clinical variables from medical records to explore their relationship with the development of the disease.
The incidence of ROP and severe type 1 ROP was 42.9% and 8.8%, respectively. Many risk factors were significant in univariate analysis, such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), the duration of mechanical ventilation, the number of blood transfusions needed, and the need for supplemental oxygen at 28 days. However, only lower gestational age (OR, 10.4; 95% CI, 3.66-29.9; p < 0.001), lower birth weight (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3-4.7; p = 0.006), lower postmenstrual age at the time of diagnosis, and multiple gestations were significant in multivariate analysis.
ROP is a significant problem in Palestine, with a relatively higher incidence than in neighboring countries. Considering the statistically significant variables in the clinical practice will prevent missing severe cases that may progress to blindness.
早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）是儿童失明的一个主要但可预防的原因。本研究旨在确定巴勒斯坦的ROP发病率以及ROP发生的风险因素。
我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，纳入了2020年1月至2023年12月期间在巴勒斯坦7家主要新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）出生的520名早产儿，这些婴儿均接受了ROP筛查。我们从病历中检查了一系列临床变量，以探讨它们与该疾病发生的关系。
ROP和重度1型ROP的发病率分别为42.9%和8.8%。在单因素分析中，许多风险因素具有显著性，如呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）、机械通气时间、所需输血次数以及出生28天时是否需要补充氧气。然而，在多因素分析中，只有较低的胎龄（比值比[OR]，10.4；95%置信区间[CI]，3.66 - 29.9；P < 0.001）、较低的出生体重（OR，2.5；95% CI，1.3 - 4.7；P = 0.006）、诊断时较低的孕龄以及多胎妊娠具有显著性。
ROP在巴勒斯坦是一个重大问题，其发病率相对高于邻国。在临床实践中考虑这些具有统计学显著性的变量将防止漏诊可能进展为失明的严重病例。
