Abdel Aziz Ihab, Alsoda Mohamed Fawzy, Elmenofy Tarek Mohamed, Sakhsoukh Mohamed Medhat, Abd El Azim Noha Mohamed, Ahmed Amr Mahmoud, Abd El-Halim Sohaila Ali, Baris Sherine Salaheldin Hassan, Fouad Yousef Ahmed, Elghonemy Ayman Mohyieldin, Metwally Heba, El Gendy Wael Mohamed, Ali Raghdaa, Basha Yehia Mahmoud, Mohamed Eman Abo ElMaaty, Amin Wafaa Mohamed, Naguib Maged Adly, Elnashar Hazem Abdallah
Department of Ophthalmology, The Memorial Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2022 Nov 2;16:3625-3630. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S383497. eCollection 2022.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is increasing in incidence in developing nations, including Egypt. Secondary prevention requires timely detection through the development of regional screening guidelines, which should be preceded by large-scale studies to characterize the population at risk.
A prospective, multicentric exploratory study that included five large tertiary institutions in an urban Egyptian setting. All infants born with gestational age (GA) < 37 weeks and/or birth weight (BW) ≤ 2000 grams were screened. More mature and heavier infants with unstable clinical course were also included. The primary outcome measure was the rate of ROP and high-risk disease occurrence in relation to underlying risk factors.
Of the 768 eyes (384 screened infants), 347 eyes (45.2%) had stage 1 or higher disease, and 43 eyes (5.6%) had high-risk disease. Eyes with stage 1 or higher ROP and treatment-requiring ROP had a mean (± SD) GA of 33.4 (± 2.6) weeks and 32.8 (± 3.2) weeks, and BW of 1842.3 (± 570.1) grams and 1747.6 ± (676.2) grams, respectively. Treatment-requiring eyes belonged to infants that had significantly lower GA and significantly higher prevalence of co-morbidities than non-treatment-requiring eyes.
The incidence of ROP and high-risk disease in an urban Egyptian setting are similar to those in comparable settings elsewhere and locally. This exploratory study supports tailoring local screening criteria for ROP, and may aid the future development of national guidelines.
包括埃及在内的发展中国家，早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的发病率正在上升。二级预防需要通过制定区域筛查指南来及时发现，在此之前应进行大规模研究以确定高危人群。
一项前瞻性、多中心探索性研究，纳入了埃及城市地区的五家大型三级医疗机构。对所有孕周（GA）<37周和/或出生体重（BW）≤2000克的婴儿进行筛查。临床病程不稳定的更成熟、体重更重的婴儿也被纳入。主要结局指标是ROP发生率和高危疾病发生率与潜在危险因素的关系。
在768只眼（384名筛查婴儿）中，347只眼（45.2%）患有1期或更高期疾病，43只眼（5.6%）患有高危疾病。患有1期或更高期ROP以及需要治疗的ROP的眼睛，其平均（±标准差）孕周分别为33.4（±2.6）周和32.8（±3.2）周，出生体重分别为1842.3（±570.1）克和1747.6±（676.2）克。需要治疗的眼睛所属婴儿的孕周明显更低，合并症患病率明显高于不需要治疗的眼睛。
埃及城市地区ROP和高危疾病的发病率与其他地方和当地类似环境中的发病率相似。这项探索性研究支持为ROP制定当地筛查标准，并可能有助于未来国家指南的制定。
