病毒组分析表明，三角洲冠状病毒和小RNA病毒可能是三个鹌鹑养殖场严重肠道疾病的病因。

Virome analysis suggests deltacoronaviruses and picornaviruses as a probable cause of severe intestinal disease on three quail farms.

作者信息

Kuhar Urška, Krapež Uroš, Slavec Brigita, Račnik Joško, Šenica Kavčič Petra, Jamnikar-Ciglenecki Urska

机构信息

Institute for microbiology and parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Institute of poultry, birds, small mammals and reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

出版信息

Anim Microbiome. 2025 May 31;7(1):54. doi: 10.1186/s42523-025-00428-6.

DOI:10.1186/s42523-025-00428-6

PMID:40450375

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12126904/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Quail farming is increasingly popular mainly due to higher market interest in meat and eggs. However, quails are susceptible to several common poultry viral infections, especially in intensive farming systems. Enteric viruses in poultry can cause significant economic losses, particularly in young birds. Mixed viral infections often exacerbate disease severity. Gamma and deltacoronaviruses are known causes of enteritis in quails, although infections with coronaviruses as well as picornaviruses may be also asymptomatic. Advanced diagnostic tools like next-generation sequencing (NGS) and metagenomics have improved understanding of these infections, yet knowledge gaps persist, and new viruses are continually being identified.

RESULTS

Three outbreaks of enteritis with high mortality in quail farms were investigated using NGS with a metagenomic approach. We found that coronaviruses, picornaviruses (anativiruses) and parvoviruses were highly abundant in samples from investigated outbreaks. Viruses belonging to the families , and were less abundant and not present in all samples. Coronaviruses and picornaviruses were detected in all outbreaks, while parvovirus was detected only in one. The complete genomes of three quail deltacoronaviruses, three quail anativiruses and one quail chaphamaparvovirus were determined by NGS. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the coronavirus and anativirus strains from this study were closely related to the other relevant quail virus strains. As for chaphamaparvovirus, this is the first report of this virus in quails.

CONCLUSIONS

The data from this study indicates the presence of numerous viruses in samples from quails with enteritis that have been overlooked by standard diagnostic approaches but could have played a role in the development of enteritis. These results may support further analysis of virome in healthy quails and in those with different clinical signs.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42523-025-00428-6.

摘要

背景

鹌鹑养殖越来越受欢迎，主要是因为市场对鹌鹑肉和蛋的兴趣增加。然而，鹌鹑易感染几种常见的家禽病毒，尤其是在集约化养殖系统中。家禽肠道病毒可导致重大经济损失，特别是在幼鸟中。混合病毒感染往往会加剧疾病的严重程度。伽马冠状病毒和三角冠状病毒是鹌鹑肠炎的已知病因，尽管冠状病毒和小核糖核酸病毒感染也可能无症状。下一代测序（NGS）和宏基因组学等先进诊断工具提高了对这些感染的认识，但知识空白仍然存在，新病毒也在不断被发现。

结果

采用NGS宏基因组学方法对鹌鹑养殖场三次高死亡率肠炎暴发进行了调查。我们发现，冠状病毒、小核糖核酸病毒（禽细小病毒）和细小病毒在调查暴发的样本中含量很高。属于、和科的病毒含量较少，并非在所有样本中都存在。所有暴发中均检测到冠状病毒和小核糖核酸病毒，而细小病毒仅在一次暴发中检测到。通过NGS确定了三种鹌鹑三角冠状病毒、三种鹌鹑禽细小病毒和一种鹌鹑查帕马细小病毒的完整基因组。系统发育分析表明，本研究中的冠状病毒和禽细小病毒株与其他相关鹌鹑病毒株密切相关。至于查帕马细小病毒，这是该病毒在鹌鹑中的首次报道。