Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 30;10(1):12800. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69557-z.
Ducks can shed and disseminate viruses and thus play a role in cross-species transmission. In the current study, we detected and characterised various avian parvoviruses and picornaviruses from wild Pacific black ducks, Chestnut teals, Grey teals and Wood ducks sampled at multiple time points from a single location using metagenomics. We characterised 46 different avian parvoviruses belonging to three different genera Dependoparvovirus, Aveparvovirus and Chaphamaparvovirus, and 11 different avian picornaviruses tentatively belonging to four different genera Sicinivirus, Anativirus, Megrivirus and Aalivirus. Most of these viruses were genetically different from other currently known viruses from the NCBI dataset. The study showed that the abundance and number of avian picornaviruses and parvoviruses varied considerably throughout the year, with the high number of virus reads in some of the duck samples highly suggestive of an active infection at the time of sampling. The detection and characterisation of several parvoviruses and picornaviruses from the individual duck samples also suggests co-infection, which may lead to the emergence of novel viruses through possible recombination. Therefore, as new and emerging diseases evolve, it is relevant to explore and monitor potential animal reservoirs in their natural habitat.
鸭子可以传播和散布病毒，因此在跨物种传播中发挥作用。在本研究中，我们使用宏基因组学方法从单个地点的多个时间点采集的野生太平洋黑鸭、栗树鸭、灰鸭和林鸭中检测和鉴定了各种禽细小病毒和小核糖核酸病毒。我们鉴定了 46 种不同的禽细小病毒，属于三个不同的属：依赖细小病毒属、禽细小病毒属和查普哈帕细小病毒属，以及 11 种不同的禽小核糖核酸病毒，初步属于四个不同的属：西尼罗病毒属、鸭源小核糖核酸病毒属、禽巨细胞病毒属和鸭黄病毒属。这些病毒中的大多数在遗传上与 NCBI 数据集的其他已知病毒不同。研究表明，禽小核糖核酸病毒和细小病毒的丰度和数量全年变化很大，一些鸭样本中的病毒读数数量很高，这强烈表明在采样时存在活跃感染。从个体鸭样本中检测和鉴定的几种细小病毒和小核糖核酸病毒也提示存在合并感染，这可能通过可能的重组导致新病毒的出现。因此，随着新出现的疾病的演变，探索和监测其自然栖息地中的潜在动物宿主是相关的。
