Ghosh Karthik, Jenkins Sarah M, Ridgeway Jennifer L, Austin Jessica D, Borah Bijan J, Patel Bhavika, Rhodes Deborah J, Norman Aaron D, Ramos Edna P, Jewett Matt, Gonzalez Crystal R, Hernandez Valentina, Singh Davinder, Vachon Celine M, Suman Vera J
General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
BMC Womens Health. 2025 Jun 2;25(1):274. doi: 10.1186/s12905-025-03818-9.
Laws mandating that women be informed of mammographic breast density (MBD) with their mammogram results may increase anxiety. We report on changes in self-reported levels of anxiety, worry about developing breast cancer (BC), as well as perceived risk of BC resulting from three MBD notification methods: usual care (mailed notification letter), enhanced care (usual care with MBD educational brochure), or interpersonal care (enhanced care with promotora education), among a Latina population.
A randomized controlled clinical trial of three MBD notifications was performed among Latina women aged 40 to 74 years receiving screening mammography at a federally qualified health center (FQHC). Measures of anxiety, BC worry and perceived lifetime BC risk were assessed using a questionnaire. Anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scale (STAI-S). The question: "How frequently do you worry about getting breast cancer someday" assessed BC worry. perceived lifetime risk of BC was rated between 0% (no chance) to 100% (definitely will get). Additional surveys were completed at two weeks to six months (T1) and one year (T2) after the intervention.
1332 Latina women were randomized between October 2016 and October 2019. At T0, 51.8% had moderate or severe anxiety. BC worry was reported to be sometimes/ often/ almost all the time among 41.3% of participants. 25.4% reported a perceived lifetime risk of developing BC of > 10%, compared with 6.6% with Gail model estimated lifetime risk score of > 10%. There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients who maintained low or had decrease in their levels of anxiety, BC worry or perceived risk from T0 to either T1 or T2 surveys between intervention groups.
This Latina cohort had high levels of anxiety and BC worry which persisted regardless of intervention received. Future work is needed to improve our understanding of factors that could lower anxiety and BC worry and improve BC risk perception in this population.
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02910986. Registered on 22/09/2016.
要求在乳腺钼靶检查结果中告知女性乳腺钼靶密度（MBD）的法律可能会增加焦虑情绪。我们报告了拉丁裔人群中三种MBD告知方式（常规护理[邮寄告知信]、强化护理[常规护理加MBD教育手册]或人际护理[强化护理加健康促进员教育]）后，自我报告的焦虑水平、对患乳腺癌（BC）的担忧以及对BC感知风险的变化。
在一家联邦合格健康中心（FQHC）接受筛查性乳腺钼靶检查的40至74岁拉丁裔女性中进行了一项关于三种MBD告知方式的随机对照临床试验。使用问卷评估焦虑、BC担忧和感知终生BC风险。焦虑使用状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI-S）进行测量。问题“您多久会担心有一天会患乳腺癌”评估BC担忧。将BC的感知终生风险评为0%（无机会）至100%（肯定会患）。在干预后两周至六个月（T1）和一年（T2）完成额外调查。
2016年10月至2019年10月期间，1332名拉丁裔女性被随机分组。在T0时，51.8%有中度或重度焦虑。41.3%的参与者报告有时/经常/几乎一直担心患BC。25.4%报告BC的感知终生风险>10%，而根据盖尔模型估计终生风险评分>10%的为6.6%。从T0到T1或T2调查，干预组之间焦虑水平、BC担忧或感知风险维持在低水平或下降的患者比例没有显著差异。
这个拉丁裔队列焦虑和BC担忧水平较高，无论接受何种干预都持续存在。未来需要开展工作，以更好地了解哪些因素可以降低该人群的焦虑和BC担忧，并改善BC风险认知。
ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT02910986。于2016年9月22日注册。
