Maneewan Rutjathorn, Chantarapanich Nattapon, Morimoto Takuma, Thitiyanaporn Chaiyakorn
Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sriracha, Kasetsart University, Sriracha Campus, Laem Chabang, 20230, Thailand.
Vet World. 2025 Apr;18(4):773-781. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2025.773-781. Epub 2025 Apr 7.
Canine femoral fractures are prevalent in veterinary medicine, necessitating effective fixation methods to ensure stability and promote healing. Conventional bone plate fixation methods, including non-locking and locking plates, have inherent limitations, such as periosteal damage and mechanical failure. This study aims to evaluate the biomechanical performance of three fixation methods - non-locking bone plates, locking bone plates, and a novel double-rod clamp internal fixation system - using finite element analysis (FEA).
A computed tomography-based canine femur model was created to simulate a midshaft commin-uted fracture with a 20 mm gap. Three fixation configurations were modeled: A non-locking bone plate, a locking bone plate, and a double-rod clamp system. FEA was performed to assess implant stress and proximal fragment displacement under physiological axial loading. Mesh refinement and multiple loading conditions were incorporated to enhance computational accuracy.
The non-locking bone plate exhibited the highest implant stress (1160.22 MPa), surpassing the material yield strength and indicating a risk of mechanical failure. The double-rod clamp system demonstrated lower stress (628.34 MPa), whereas the locking bone plate had the lowest stress (446.63 MPa). Proximal fragment displacement was highest in the non-locking bone plate (2.37 mm), followed by the double-rod clamp system (0.99 mm), with the locking bone plate exhibiting the least displacement (0.34 mm), suggesting superior stability.
The double-rod clamp system emerged as a promising alternative, offering a balance between stability and stress distribution while minimizing periosteal damage. While the locking bone plate provided the greatest stability, the double-rod clamp fixation demonstrated favorable mechanical properties and could serve as a cost-effective and minimally invasive alternative in veterinary orthopedics.
犬股骨干骨折在兽医学中很常见，因此需要有效的固定方法来确保稳定性并促进愈合。传统的接骨板固定方法，包括非锁定和锁定接骨板，存在诸如骨膜损伤和机械故障等固有局限性。本研究旨在使用有限元分析（FEA）评估三种固定方法——非锁定接骨板、锁定接骨板和一种新型双杆夹内固定系统——的生物力学性能。
创建基于计算机断层扫描的犬股骨模型，以模拟有20毫米间隙的股骨干粉碎性骨折。对三种固定构型进行建模：非锁定接骨板、锁定接骨板和双杆夹系统。进行有限元分析以评估在生理轴向载荷下植入物应力和近端骨折块位移。采用网格细化和多种加载条件以提高计算精度。
非锁定接骨板表现出最高的植入物应力（1160.22兆帕），超过材料屈服强度，表明存在机械故障风险。双杆夹系统显示出较低的应力（628.34兆帕），而锁定接骨板的应力最低（446.63兆帕）。非锁定接骨板的近端骨折块位移最大（2.37毫米），其次是双杆夹系统（0.99毫米），锁定接骨板的位移最小（0.34毫米），表明其稳定性更佳。
双杆夹系统是一种有前景的替代方法，在稳定性和应力分布之间取得平衡，同时将骨膜损伤降至最低。虽然锁定接骨板提供了最大的稳定性，但双杆夹固定显示出良好的力学性能，可作为兽医骨科中一种经济高效且微创的替代方法。
