Polonio Carolina M, Quintana Francisco J
Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
J Clin Invest. 2025 Jun 2;135(11). doi: 10.1172/JCI189442.
B cell depletion is a highly effective therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS), reducing inflammation and restoring immune balance. In this issue of the JCI, Wei et al. used single-cell RNA-Seq and flow cytometry, identifying the comprehensive effects of B cell depletion on the immune response, including an increase in antiinflammatory cerebrospinal fluid macrophages and elevated TNF-α expression by peripheral CD16+ monocytes. The authors also detected shifts in T cell populations that resulted in reduced myelin-reactive CD4+ T cells and the expansion of TIGIT+ Tregs. The findings uncover immunoregulatory mechanisms and suggest therapeutic strategies for MS and other autoimmune disorders.
B细胞耗竭是治疗多发性硬化症（MS）的一种高效疗法，可减轻炎症并恢复免疫平衡。在本期《临床研究杂志》中，Wei等人使用单细胞RNA测序和流式细胞术，确定了B细胞耗竭对免疫反应的全面影响，包括抗炎性脑脊液巨噬细胞增加以及外周CD16+单核细胞的TNF-α表达升高。作者还检测到T细胞群体的变化，导致髓鞘反应性CD4+ T细胞减少以及TIGIT+调节性T细胞（Tregs）扩增。这些发现揭示了免疫调节机制，并为MS和其他自身免疫性疾病提出了治疗策略。
