Tok Serkan, Öz Mustafa, Dikel Suat
Department of Fisheries and Diseases, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Türkiye.
Department of Fisheries and Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Türkiye.
Vet Med Sci. 2025 Jul;11(4):e70443. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70443.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Pimpinella anisum (anise) oil supplementation on growth performance, haematological and biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities and tissue histopathology in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The goal was to determine the optimal inclusion level that promotes health benefits without inducing toxicity.
A total of 240 juvenile Nile tilapia were randomly distributed into four groups: control (0.00%) and three treatments receiving anise oil at 0.10%, 0.20% and 0.30% for 8 weeks. Growth performance (weight gain, feed conversion ratio), haematological (RBC, Hb, WBC) and biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, glucose, lipids), oxidative stress markers (SOD, CAT, GPx) and histopathological changes in gill, liver, kidney and muscle tissues were evaluated.
Anise oil supplementation at 0.10% and 0.20% significantly improved growth performance, haematological indices and antioxidant enzyme activities (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. However, fish fed 0.30% anise oil showed elevated liver enzymes, glucose and lipid levels, along with moderate tissue damage, indicating potential adverse effects at higher doses.
Dietary inclusion of 0.10% to 0.20% anise oil enhances the growth, physiological health and antioxidant defence in Nile tilapia. Nevertheless, 0.30% inclusion may impair metabolic balance and tissue integrity. Anise oil represents a promising natural feed additive for sustainable aquaculture when used at optimal levels.
本研究旨在探讨日粮中添加茴芹籽油对尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）生长性能、血液学和生化参数、抗氧化酶活性及组织病理学的影响。目标是确定既能促进健康又不产生毒性的最佳添加水平。
将240尾尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼随机分为四组：对照组（0.00%）和三个处理组，分别添加0.10%、0.20%和0.30%的茴芹籽油，为期8周。评估生长性能（体重增加、饲料转化率）、血液学指标（红细胞、血红蛋白、白细胞）和生化参数（谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、葡萄糖、脂质）、氧化应激标志物（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶）以及鳃、肝脏、肾脏和肌肉组织的组织病理学变化。
与对照组相比，添加0.10%和0.20%茴芹籽油显著提高了生长性能、血液学指标和抗氧化酶活性（p < 0.05）。然而，饲喂0.30%茴芹籽油的鱼肝脏酶、葡萄糖和脂质水平升高，同时伴有中度组织损伤，表明高剂量时可能产生潜在的不良影响。
日粮中添加0.10%至0.20%的茴芹籽油可增强尼罗罗非鱼的生长、生理健康和抗氧化防御能力。然而，添加0.30%可能会损害代谢平衡和组织完整性。当以最佳水平使用时，茴芹籽油是可持续水产养殖中一种有前景的天然饲料添加剂。
