Ali Haider, Khan Nawaid Hussain, Cano Dalila, Cano Guadalupe, Celik Meliha, Lilo Sama, Fabia Angel, Yama A, Gudino Efrain, Beker Beyza Nur
Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
Faculty of Medicine, Ala-Too International University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
Clin Chim Acta. 2025 Aug 15;576:120408. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2025.120408. Epub 2025 May 31.
Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a highly aggressive molecular subtype characterized by poor prognosis and limited targeted treatment options. Clinicians face challenges in early diagnosis and precise prognostic stratification, necessitating the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have emerged as crucial regulators of breast luminal B cancer (BLBC) tumorigenesis and progression. Their subtype-specific expression and remarkable stability in body fluids make them promising candidates for minimally invasive biomarkers in clinical chemistry, enabling the early detection, prediction of prognosis, and monitoring of therapeutic response. Additionally, ncRNA-based therapeutics offer innovative strategies to overcome resistance and improve treatment efficacy. This review comprehensively synthesises the latest advances in understanding non-coding RNA (ncRNA) biology in breast luminal B-like cancer (BLBC), focusing on their roles in key oncogenic and tumour-suppressive pathways. We highlight the translational potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and discuss emerging therapeutic applications alongside current challenges such as assay standardisation and delivery optimisation. The novelty of this review lies in its integrative approach, bridging molecular mechanisms with clinical implications to guide future research and clinical translation. We aim to provide a critical resource that supports the development of ncRNA-based precision medicine approaches to improve the management and outcomes of patients with basal-like breast cancer.
基底样乳腺癌（BLBC）是一种侵袭性很强的分子亚型，其特点是预后较差且靶向治疗选择有限。临床医生在早期诊断和精确的预后分层方面面临挑战，因此需要发现新的生物标志物和治疗靶点。非编码RNA（ncRNA），包括微小RNA（miRNA）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）、小干扰RNA（siRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA），已成为乳腺腔B型癌（BLBC）肿瘤发生和进展的关键调节因子。它们的亚型特异性表达以及在体液中的显著稳定性，使其成为临床化学中微创生物标志物的有希望的候选者，能够实现早期检测、预后预测和治疗反应监测。此外，基于ncRNA的疗法提供了创新策略，以克服耐药性并提高治疗效果。本综述全面综合了在理解乳腺腔B样癌（BLBC）中非编码RNA（ncRNA）生物学方面的最新进展，重点关注它们在关键致癌和抑癌途径中的作用。我们强调了ncRNA作为诊断和预后生物标志物的转化潜力，并讨论了新兴的治疗应用以及当前的挑战，如检测标准化和递送优化。本综述的新颖之处在于其综合方法，将分子机制与临床意义联系起来，以指导未来的研究和临床转化。我们旨在提供一个重要资源，支持基于ncRNA的精准医学方法的发展，以改善基底样乳腺癌患者的管理和治疗结果。
