Kawai Naoki, Ikematsu Hideyuki, Bando Takuma, Lee Woon Joo, Matsuura Shinro, Tetsunari Maeda, Echizen Mariko, Kawashima Takashi
Japan Physicians Association, Tokyo Medical Association Building 4F, 2-5 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, 101-0062, Tokyo, Japan.
Japan Physicians Association, Tokyo Medical Association Building 4F, 2-5 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, 101-0062, Tokyo, Japan.
J Infect Chemother. 2025 Aug;31(8):102728. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2025.102728. Epub 2025 May 31.
Adverse reactions to the most recent XBB.1.5 monovalent COVID-19 and seasonal influenza vaccines administered from September to December in 2023 were compared.
Outpatients were administered the COVID-19 and/or influenza vaccine. Patients reported five local and six systemic solicited adverse reactions for seven days through a self-report diary. The data from 217 diaries for the COVID-19 vaccine and 140 diaries for the influenza vaccine were collected and analyzed, including 43 diaries from subjects who received both vaccines and recorded a diary, for a total of 357 diaries from 314 subjects.
Among the systemic reactions, fatigue, headache, and myalgia were more frequent with the COVID-19 vaccine (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively). The local adverse reactions of redness and swelling were significantly more frequent with the influenza vaccine (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). For both vaccines, most of the systemic and local reactions were less frequent in subjects 65 years or over than in those under 65. No significant increase in adverse reactions was observed for vaccinations within 14 days compared to those more than 14 days apart or the COVID-19 vaccine alone. Multiple regression analysis also showed that systemic reactions including fatigue, headache, and myalgia, to COVID-19 vaccine, were negatively correlated with age (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively).
These findings suggest that there are significant differences between the COVID-19 and influenza vaccines in terms of the composition of the adverse reactions and there is a lower incidence of adverse reactions for persons 65 years or older.
比较了2023年9月至12月接种的最新XBB.1.5单价新冠疫苗和季节性流感疫苗的不良反应。
对门诊患者接种新冠疫苗和/或流感疫苗。患者通过自我报告日记记录7天内出现的5种局部和6种全身预期不良反应。收集并分析了217份新冠疫苗日记和140份流感疫苗日记的数据，其中包括43份同时接种两种疫苗并记录日记的受试者的日记，共计314名受试者的357份日记。
在全身反应中，新冠疫苗接种后疲劳、头痛和肌痛更为常见（分别为p < 0.001、p < 0.01、p < 0.001）。流感疫苗接种后局部不良反应红肿更为常见（分别为p < 0.001和p < 0.05）。对于两种疫苗，65岁及以上受试者的大多数全身和局部反应比65岁以下受试者更少。与间隔超过14天接种或仅接种新冠疫苗相比，14天内接种疫苗未观察到不良反应显著增加。多元回归分析还显示，新冠疫苗引起的包括疲劳、头痛和肌痛在内的全身反应与年龄呈负相关（分别为p < 0.001、p < 0.001和p = 0.005）。
这些发现表明，新冠疫苗和流感疫苗在不良反应构成方面存在显著差异，65岁及以上人群的不良反应发生率较低。
