Jarrad Reem Ahmad, Al Hourani Eman, Mahmoud Naser Ibrahim, Al-Fayoumi Dua' Jum'a
Clinical Nursing Department, Nursing School, The University of Jordan, 11942, Amman, Jordan.
Community Nursing Department, Nursing School, The University of Jordan, 11942, Amman, Jordan.
BMC Psychiatry. 2025 Jun 2;25(1):566. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-07010-z.
Gender is a sensor in certain professional psychological risks. One of those professions is nursing; it has a humanistic nature that is double-loaded with triggers of negative psychological sequelae such as depression and compassion fatigue. To help male and female nurses cope successfully with variable trauma, resilience pathways are activated, yet using different mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to assess the differences in depression, compassion fatigue, and resilience based on gender and the variables of education, marital status, and income.
631 hospital-based nurses participated in this correlational descriptive study. Measurements included a demographic survey, depression risk score measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale (CESD), compassion fatigue score by Charles Figley, and resilience score measured by Connor-Davidson resilience scale-10 items. Analysis used descriptive statistics for gender, health sector, education, marital status, income, and department. Student t-test and ANOVA were used to investigate the differences in depression, compassion fatigue, and resilience based on gender, education, marital status, and income.
Male nurses significantly reported higher depression levels (t (629) = 4.8, p <.001, M = 29.1, SD = 10.3) than female nurses (M = 27.2, SD = 9.2). They reported significantly higher compassion fatigue (t (629) = 4.8, p <.001, M = 46,9, SD = 24.3) when compared to female nurses (M = 38.2, SD = 21.3). There was no gender-based difference in resilience scores between male (t = 0.037, P =.97 >.05), M = 23.7, SD = 7.8)) and female nurses (M = 23.7, SD = 8.2). There were no significant differences in depression, compassion fatigue, and resilience based on other demographic variables such as education, marital status, and income (p >.05). Depression had little negative relationship with resilience (r = -.116, p =.004) and a moderate positive relationship with compassion fatigue (r =.529, p <.001).
Nurses' male gender showed dominance in depression and compassion fatigue over nurses' female gender. Resilience capabilities were generally the same between the two genders. Nevertheless, for both genders, compassion fatigue and depression risks were high and resilience scores were low. The negative relationship between depression and resilience suggests that health authorities should promote nurses' mental health to increase resilience capacities. Adopting gender-sensitive approaches in research and clinical practice in nurses' mental health is increasingly recommended with special cultural and contextual considerations.
性别是某些职业心理风险的一个指标。护理工作就是其中之一；它具有人文性质，却背负着诸如抑郁和同情疲劳等负面心理后遗症的诱因。为帮助男女护士成功应对各种创伤，会激活恢复力途径，但采用的机制不同。本研究的目的是评估基于性别以及教育程度、婚姻状况和收入等变量在抑郁、同情疲劳和恢复力方面的差异。
631名医院护士参与了这项相关性描述性研究。测量内容包括人口统计学调查、用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CESD）测量的抑郁风险得分、查尔斯·菲格利测量的同情疲劳得分以及用康纳 - 戴维森恢复力量表 - 10项测量的恢复力得分。分析使用了关于性别、卫生部门、教育程度、婚姻状况、收入和科室的描述性统计。采用学生t检验和方差分析来研究基于性别、教育程度、婚姻状况和收入在抑郁、同情疲劳和恢复力方面的差异。
男性护士报告的抑郁水平（t(629) = 4.8，p <.001，M = 29.1，SD = 10.3）显著高于女性护士（M = 27.2，SD = 9.2）。与女性护士（M = 38.2，SD = 21.3）相比，他们报告的同情疲劳显著更高（t(629) = 4.8，p <.001，M = 46.9，SD = 24.3）。男性护士（t = 0.037，P =.97 >.05）和女性护士（M = 23.7，SD = 8.2）在恢复力得分上没有基于性别的差异。基于教育程度、婚姻状况和收入等其他人口统计学变量在抑郁、同情疲劳和恢复力方面没有显著差异（p >.05）。抑郁与恢复力有较弱的负相关（r = -.116，p =.004），与同情疲劳有中等程度的正相关（r =.529，p <.001）。
在抑郁和同情疲劳方面，男性护士比女性护士表现更突出。两性的恢复力能力总体相同。然而，对于两性来说，同情疲劳和抑郁风险都很高，恢复力得分较低。抑郁与恢复力之间的负相关表明卫生当局应促进护士的心理健康以提高恢复力能力。越来越建议在护士心理健康的研究和临床实践中采用对性别敏感的方法，并特别考虑文化和背景因素。
