Ebrahim Salsabeel, Husain Wael J, Hubail Zakariya
Pediatric Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, BHR.
Cureus. 2025 May 3;17(5):e83409. doi: 10.7759/cureus.83409. eCollection 2025 May.
Background Children were thought to be immune to the COVID-19 pandemic or have a mild form of the disease. However, reports showed multiple cases of post-COVID-19 inflammatory shock syndrome, later known as the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Although rare, it remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric COVID-19 patients. Objective To assess the prevalence and characteristics of cardiac manifestations (clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings) of post-COVID-19 MIS-C admitted to the main tertiary hospital in Manama, Bahrain, and to compare such characteristics with regard to age and sex. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Manama City, Bahrain. Data were collected from the hospital's medical records system. All pediatric patients who were admitted during the period from April 2020 to September 2021, with the diagnosis of post-COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, were included. The percentage of cardiac manifestations and subgroup analyses were calculated based on age and sex. Results Data from 38 children who were diagnosed with post-COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children were analyzed. Among these cases, cardiac manifestations were found to be prevalent, specifically relating to valvulopathies such as mitral valve insufficiency (42.1%) and tricuspid valve insufficiency (31.6%). Children over the age of six exhibited a higher prevalence of cardiomegaly. Females had a greater prevalence of mitral valve insufficiency and cardiomegaly, while males showed a higher prevalence of coronary artery dilatation, pericardial effusion, and tricuspid valve insufficiency. Conclusion The study emphasizes the frequent occurrence of cardiac manifestations in MIS-C. As this is a single-center study, the findings cannot be generalized. However, it underscores the importance of assessing the disease's impact during the initial presentation, throughout the clinical course, and during the follow-up post-recovery.
背景 儿童曾被认为对新冠疫情具有免疫力或感染的是轻症。然而，报告显示有多例新冠后炎症性休克综合征病例，后被称为儿童多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）。尽管罕见，但它仍是儿科新冠患者发病和死亡的重要原因。目的 评估巴林麦纳麦主要三级医院收治的新冠后MIS-C患儿心脏表现（临床、放射学和实验室检查结果）的患病率及特征，并比较这些特征在年龄和性别方面的差异。方法 在巴林麦纳麦市的一家三级医院进行回顾性研究。数据从医院的病历系统收集。纳入2020年4月至2021年9月期间收治的所有诊断为儿童新冠后多系统炎症综合征的儿科患者。计算心脏表现的百分比，并根据年龄和性别进行亚组分析。结果 对38例诊断为儿童新冠后多系统炎症综合征的患儿数据进行了分析。在这些病例中，发现心脏表现普遍存在，特别是与瓣膜病有关，如二尖瓣关闭不全（42.1%）和三尖瓣关闭不全（31.6%）。6岁以上儿童心脏扩大的患病率较高。女性二尖瓣关闭不全和心脏扩大的患病率更高，而男性冠状动脉扩张、心包积液和三尖瓣关闭不全的患病率更高。结论 该研究强调了MIS-C中心脏表现的频繁发生。由于这是一项单中心研究，研究结果不能推广。然而，它强调了在初始表现、整个临床过程以及恢复后随访期间评估该疾病影响的重要性。
