Gu Xi-Ge, Dai Li-Ying, Shi Xiao-Qing, Zhang Wen-Chao, Zhang Yong-Li
Children's Medical Center of Anhui Medical University/Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University/Department of Neonatology, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei 230000, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2025 May 15;27(5):588-594. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2410110.
To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes of neonatal venous thrombosis.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 11 neonates with venous thrombosis admitted to the Department of Neonatology of Anhui Children's Hospital from January 2019 to September 2024. The clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed.
Among the 11 neonates diagnosed with venous thrombosis, 5 were male, and 6 were preterm infants, with a median gestational age of 35 weeks, birth weight of (2 322±1 069) g, and admission temperature of (36.6±0.4)°C. The median age at symptom onset was 6 days. Of the 11 cases, 8 limb venous thromboses and 1 portal vein thrombosis were confirmed by vascular ultrasound, and 2 cases of intracranial venous sinus thrombosis were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Ten cases received low molecular weight heparin for anticoagulation, with a treatment duration of (24±15) days; 2 cases were treated with urokinase thrombolysis, and 4 cases received fresh frozen plasma transfusion. Thrombosis resolved in 7 cases before discharge. Partial resolution occurred in 2 cases before discharge (1 continued outpatient treatment until resolution and 1 resolved during follow-up). One case was transferred to another hospital after 1 day of treatment and was discharged after thrombosis reduction. No adverse reactions such as bleeding were observed. One neonate with cerebral infarction at admission did not receive heparin anticoagulation and was followed up as an outpatient.
Vascular ultrasound is the most commonly used diagnostic method for neonatal venous thrombosis. Heparin anticoagulation is the recommended treatment. The overall prognosis of neonatal venous thrombosis is favorable.
总结新生儿静脉血栓形成的临床特征、诊断及治疗结果。
对2019年1月至2024年9月安徽儿童医院新生儿科收治的11例静脉血栓形成患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。分析其临床特征、诊断方法、治疗及结果。
11例确诊为静脉血栓形成的新生儿中，男性5例，早产儿6例，中位胎龄35周，出生体重（2322±1069）g，入院体温（36.6±0.4）℃。症状出现的中位年龄为6天。11例中，8例肢体静脉血栓形成及1例门静脉血栓形成经血管超声确诊，2例颅内静脉窦血栓形成经磁共振成像确诊。10例接受低分子肝素抗凝治疗，治疗时间为（24±15）天；2例接受尿激酶溶栓治疗，4例接受新鲜冰冻血浆输注。7例在出院前血栓溶解。2例在出院前部分溶解（1例继续门诊治疗直至溶解，1例在随访期间溶解）。1例在治疗1天后转至另一家医院，血栓减轻后出院。未观察到出血等不良反应。1例入院时患有脑梗死的新生儿未接受肝素抗凝治疗，作为门诊患者进行随访。
血管超声是新生儿静脉血栓形成最常用的诊断方法。肝素抗凝是推荐的治疗方法。新生儿静脉血栓形成的总体预后良好。
