Shi Ke, You Tongdeng
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuzhou Changle District People's Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 May 20;12:1588507. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1588507. eCollection 2025.
To assess the global burden of typhoid and paratyphoid fever, and Invasive Non-typhoidal (iNTS) from 1990 to 2021, and explore the burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in .
Data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021, focusing on age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), mortality rate (ASMR), disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR), and annualized percent change (EAPC).
From 1990 to 2021, the global burden of typhoid and paratyphoid fever decreased (EAPC = -4.15; 95% CI: -4.45 to -3.85). In contrast, the burden of iNTS showed a slow increasing trend (EAPC = 0.45; 95% CI: -0.32 to 1.22). The major epidemic trends were concentrated in regions with low and middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI). In high SDI regions, the age group most affected by deaths was 75 years and older, whereas in low SDI regions, particularly for typhoid and paratyphoid fever, deaths were more prevalent among children aged 0-14 years. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths due to multidrug-resistant have decreased annually.
While the global burden of typhoid and paratyphoid fever has declined, the burden of iNTS continues to rise slowly. The growing antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella further exacerbates the global disease burden.
评估1990年至2021年伤寒和副伤寒热以及侵袭性非伤寒沙门氏菌（iNTS）的全球负担，并探讨其抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）负担。
数据来源于《2021年全球疾病负担研究》（GBD 2021），重点关注年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）、死亡率（ASMR）、伤残调整生命年率（ASDR）和年度变化百分比（EAPC）。
1990年至2021年，伤寒和副伤寒热的全球负担有所下降（EAPC = -4.15；95%CI：-4.45至-3.85）。相比之下，iNTS的负担呈缓慢上升趋势（EAPC = 0.45；95%CI：-0.32至1.22）。主要流行趋势集中在社会人口指数（SDI）较低和中等的地区。在高SDI地区，受死亡影响最大的年龄组为75岁及以上，而在低SDI地区，特别是伤寒和副伤寒热，0-14岁儿童的死亡更为普遍。耐多药导致的伤残调整生命年（DALYs）和死亡人数每年都在下降。
虽然伤寒和副伤寒热的全球负担有所下降，但iNTS的负担仍在缓慢上升。沙门氏菌日益增长的抗菌药物耐药性进一步加剧了全球疾病负担。
