Stockdale Robert A, Dos'Santos Thomas, McDaid Kevin, Nagy Philip, Gaffney Christopher J, Barry Timothy J
Lancaster Medical School, Health Innovation One, Sir John Fisher Drive, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 4;20(6):e0325611. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0325611. eCollection 2025.
The aims were to examine the validity and within-session inter-trial, intra- and interrater reliability of sprint force-velocity profiling (FVP) techniques in elite football. Twelve elite youth football players from an English Premier League academy participated in this study. A 30-m maximal effort linear sprint testing protocol was conducted, simultaneously measured using the MySprint app, GPS units, and radar device to derive theoretical maximal horizontal force (F0), theoretical maximal running velocity (V0), and the overall orientation of the profile (FVslope). There were significant differences in F0, V0, and FVslope (p < 0.05) between the MySprint app and radar device, with large effect sizes (ε2 = 0.683, 0.513, and 0.482), but not in F0 or V0 (p > 0.05), between the GPS and radar devices. There were no significant differences in F0 or V0 (p > 0.05) between each players' sprint repeats for all equipment types, with these effect sizes (rrb): MySprint (0.047, 0.523), GPS (0.236, -0.163), radar (0.785, -0.777). RMSE and CV values for F0 and V0 were 0.72-1.20 N/Kg and 3.76-9.59%, 0.21-0.40 m/s and 1.48-2.64%, respectively, with improved reliability and agreement in V0 vs. F0. There was no significant difference in F0 or V0 (p > 0.05), with medium-to-large effect sizes (rrb = -0.242 and -0.636) when the MySprint analysis was repeated by the same rater. RMSE and CV values for F0 and V0 were 0.19 N/Kg and 2.9%, 0.07 m/s and 0.54%. There was no significant difference in F0 or V0 (p > 0.05) between the two raters' MySprint analysis, and ICC demonstrated excellent agreement (F0 = 0.986, CI = 0.950-0.996, and V0 = 0.988, CI = 0.957-0.997). This study reports high intra- and inter-rater reliability when using the MySprint app to derive FVP's from 30-m maximal sprint testing whilst indicating GPS as the most valid and reliable force-velocity profiling technique against the reference radar device.
本研究旨在检验精英足球运动员冲刺力-速度剖面分析（FVP）技术的有效性以及在单次测试中的试次间、评分者内和评分者间信度。来自一家英超足球学院的12名精英青年足球运动员参与了本研究。进行了一项30米全力直线冲刺测试方案，同时使用MySprint应用程序、GPS设备和雷达装置进行测量，以得出理论最大水平力（F0）、理论最大跑步速度（V0）以及剖面的总体方向（FV斜率）。MySprint应用程序和雷达装置之间在F0、V0和FV斜率方面存在显著差异（p < 0.05），效应量较大（ε2 = 0.683、0.513和0.482），但GPS设备和雷达装置之间在F0或V0方面不存在显著差异（p > 0.05）。对于所有设备类型，每位运动员的冲刺重复之间在F0或V0方面不存在显著差异（p > 0.05），这些效应量（rrb）分别为：MySprint（0.047，0.523）、GPS（0.236，-0.163）、雷达（0.785，-0.777）。F0和V0的RMSE和CV值分别为0.72 - 1.20 N/Kg和3.76 - 9.59%、0.21 - 0.40 m/s和1.48 - 2.64%，V0相对于F0的信度和一致性有所提高。当同一位评分者重复进行MySprint分析时，F0或V0方面不存在显著差异（p > 0.05），效应量为中到大（rrb = -0.242和-0.636）。F0和V0的RMSE和CV值分别为0.19 N/Kg和2.9%、0.07 m/s和0.54%。两位评分者的MySprint分析之间在F0或V0方面不存在显著差异（p > 0.05），且ICC显示出极佳的一致性（F0 = 0.986，CI = 0.950 - 0.996；V0 = 0.988，CI = 0.957 - 0.997）。本研究报告称，使用MySprint应用程序从30米全力冲刺测试中得出FVP时，评分者内和评分者间信度较高，同时表明相对于参考雷达装置，GPS是最有效和可靠的力-速度剖面分析技术。
