Vaseghi Behrouz, Mobayen Saleh, Hashemi Somayeh, Ma Jun
Department of Electrical Engineering, Ab. C., Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.
Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou, Yunlin 640301, Taiwan.
Comput Biol Med. 2025 Aug;194:110470. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.110470. Epub 2025 Jun 3.
The confidentiality of data in digital photos, biomedical signals, telemedicine, multiuser networks, and other fields has been guaranteed by the introduction of chaos-based encryption algorithms in scholarly publications in recent years. It is crucial in this situation to use strong cryptographic techniques and quick and reliable synchronization between the chaotic systems of the transmitter and receiver. In order to achieve reliable and quick synchronization between chaotic systems, we first propose an adaptive terminal sliding mode control law in this paper. Next, we suggest strong chaotic key generation and assess the degree of achieved chaotic key randomness using testU01 and the NIST 800-22 test. Lastly, we employ the chaotic keys in an XOR-based encryption algorithm for ECG signals that uses chaotic masking. This paper's primary conclusions are that (1) the suggested approach provides quick and efficient synchronization performance while being robust to parametric uncertainties. (2) the encryption scheme exhibits high robustness against known attacks, such as extreme sensitivity to chaotic keys and 2 key space; (3) the correlation between plain ECG and cryptogram is close to 0 and information entropy is 7.9512, which is very close to 8; (3) the suggested chaotic key generation method achieves the best randomness with 0.9781 in the longest-run Test P value; (4) The suggested encryption technique can be applied to secure wireless transmission of medical signals in e-health for disease monitoring or diagnosis in the real world.
近年来，学术出版物中引入基于混沌的加密算法，保证了数字照片、生物医学信号、远程医疗、多用户网络等领域数据的保密性。在这种情况下，使用强大的加密技术以及发射器和接收器的混沌系统之间快速可靠的同步至关重要。为了在混沌系统之间实现可靠且快速的同步，本文首先提出一种自适应终端滑模控制律。接下来，我们提出强大的混沌密钥生成方法，并使用testU01和美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）800 - 22测试来评估所实现的混沌密钥随机性程度。最后，我们将混沌密钥应用于一种基于异或的心电图（ECG）信号加密算法，该算法采用混沌掩码。本文的主要结论是：（1）所提出的方法提供了快速高效的同步性能，同时对参数不确定性具有鲁棒性。（2）加密方案对已知攻击具有高度鲁棒性，如对混沌密钥极度敏感和具有2个密钥空间；（3）普通心电图与密文之间的相关性接近0，信息熵为7.9512，非常接近8；（3）所提出的混沌密钥生成方法在最长游程测试P值中以0.9781实现了最佳随机性；（4）所提出的加密技术可应用于保障电子健康中医疗信号的无线传输，用于现实世界中的疾病监测或诊断。
