Xu Ping, Fang Qing, Yuan Shasha, Zhang Na, Wang Danlei, Huang Zhongyue, Xian Min
Public Health Policy Research Office, Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Public Health Strategic Intelligence Research Office, Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 May 21;13:1518114. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1518114. eCollection 2025.
Job burnout is particularly prevalent within the healthcare sector, with public health practitioners (PHPs) being especially vulnerable. The global impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been profound, yet the prevalent level of job burnout among PHPs following the crisis has been largely overlooked. This study aims to assess the prevalence and determinants of job burnout among PHPs in the post-COVID-19 era, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the development of targeted interventions.
This cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to October 2023, targeting members of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Public Health Service Center in Baoan District, Shenzhen. A non-random convenience sampling was employed to recruit 222 participants. Demographic and work-related information was compiled. Job burnout was assessed with Chinese revised version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors influencing job burnout among participants. The mediation effect was tested using the bias-corrected percentile Bootstrap method with 5,000 resamples.
The prevalence of job burnout among the PHPs was found to be 50.90%, with rates of mild, moderate, and severe burnout at 27.03, 15.32, and 8.56%, respectively. Multivariable analysis indicated that self-rated mental health ( = 0.436, 95% : 0.230, 0.827), workload intensity ( = 5.183, 95% : 1.751, 15.340), and the family support for work ( = 3.313, 95% : 1.335, 8.222) were significantly associated with burnout ( < 0.05). The PHPs exhibiting poorer self-rated mental health, higher workload, and lower family support for work were at greater risk of job burnout. The mediation analysis revealed that elevated workload indirectly increased the likelihood of burnout (indirect effect = 2.931, 95% : 1.111, 4.750), exhaustion dimension (indirect effect = 2.801, 95% : 1.115, 4.486) and cynicism dimension (indirect effect = 2.977, 95% : 1.127, 4.826) by exacerbating mental health deterioration.
Job burnout has emerged as a common concern among the PHPs in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. To effectively address burnout, it is crucial to develop effective intervention measures aimed at mitigating risk factors, ultimately enhancing the well-being of the PHPs.
职业倦怠在医疗保健部门尤为普遍，公共卫生从业者（PHPs）尤其容易受到影响。2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的全球影响深远，但危机后公共卫生从业者中职业倦怠的普遍程度在很大程度上被忽视了。本研究旨在评估COVID-19后时代公共卫生从业者职业倦怠的患病率及其决定因素，从而为制定有针对性的干预措施提供理论基础。
本横断面调查于2023年7月至10月进行，目标人群为深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心和公共卫生服务中心的成员。采用非随机便利抽样法招募了222名参与者。收集了人口统计学和与工作相关的信息。使用中文版修订的马氏职业倦怠量表-一般调查来评估职业倦怠。采用二元逻辑回归分析确定影响参与者职业倦怠的因素。使用偏差校正百分位数Bootstrap方法进行5000次重采样来检验中介效应。
发现公共卫生从业者的职业倦怠患病率为50.90%，轻度、中度和重度倦怠的发生率分别为27.03%、15.32%和8.56%。多变量分析表明，自评心理健康状况（β = 0.436，95%置信区间：0.230，0.827）、工作量强度（β = 5.183，95%置信区间：1.751，15.340）和家庭对工作的支持（β = 3.313，95%置信区间：1.335，8.222）与倦怠显著相关（P < 0.05）。自评心理健康状况较差、工作量较大且家庭对工作支持较低的公共卫生从业者职业倦怠风险更高。中介分析显示，工作量增加通过加剧心理健康恶化间接增加了倦怠的可能性（间接效应 = 2.931，95%置信区间：1.111，4.750）、疲惫维度（间接效应 = 2.801，95%置信区间：1.115，4.486）和玩世不恭维度（间接效应 = 2.977，95%置信区间：1.127，4.826）。
职业倦怠已成为COVID-19大流行后公共卫生从业者普遍关注的问题。为有效解决倦怠问题，关键是制定有效的干预措施以减轻风险因素，最终提高公共卫生从业者的幸福感。
